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Low-calcium diet prevents fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and ameliorates the response to glucose load in rats
BACKGROUND: Consuming a fructose-rich diet leads to hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance. In humans, the consumption of high levels of refined sugars often coincides with a diet containing suboptimal levels of calcium. Calcium and carbohydrate metabolism interact, so...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4625447/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516336 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-015-0035-0 |
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author | Voznesenskaya, Anna Tordoff, Michael G. |
author_facet | Voznesenskaya, Anna Tordoff, Michael G. |
author_sort | Voznesenskaya, Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Consuming a fructose-rich diet leads to hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance. In humans, the consumption of high levels of refined sugars often coincides with a diet containing suboptimal levels of calcium. Calcium and carbohydrate metabolism interact, so there is potential for fructose to have different health outcomes depending on whether the diet is calcium-rich or calcium-poor. METHODS: We evaluated the metabolic effects of feeding fructose to rats that were maintained on either a calcium-replete diet or a low-calcium diet. Growing male Sprague Dawley rats were fed diets based on the AIN-93G formulation, with the main source of carbohydrate derived either from a mixture of cornstarch and sucrose or from fructose. Half the rats given each carbohydrate source were fed calcium at recommended levels (125 mmol/kg Ca(2+)); the others were fed a diet low in calcium (25 mmol/kg Ca(2+)). At various times, glucose and insulin tolerance tests were conducted to assess glucose metabolism. RESULTS: Rats fed low-calcium diet had lower fasting insulin levels irrespective of the carbohydrate source they ate. They had a normal glycemic response to a glucose load and did not develop hyperinsulinemia under conditions of fructose feeding. The drop in blood glucose levels in response to insulin injection was larger in rats fed low-calcium diet than in those fed calcium-replete diet. CONCLUSIONS: Low-calcium diet prevented fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and improved glucose handling under conditions of fructose feeding. Potential mechanisms underlying these effects of the low-calcium diet remain to be determined, but possibilities include impairment of insulin release from the pancreas and improved peripheral insulin sensitivity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4625447 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46254472015-10-30 Low-calcium diet prevents fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and ameliorates the response to glucose load in rats Voznesenskaya, Anna Tordoff, Michael G. Nutr Metab (Lond) Research BACKGROUND: Consuming a fructose-rich diet leads to hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance. In humans, the consumption of high levels of refined sugars often coincides with a diet containing suboptimal levels of calcium. Calcium and carbohydrate metabolism interact, so there is potential for fructose to have different health outcomes depending on whether the diet is calcium-rich or calcium-poor. METHODS: We evaluated the metabolic effects of feeding fructose to rats that were maintained on either a calcium-replete diet or a low-calcium diet. Growing male Sprague Dawley rats were fed diets based on the AIN-93G formulation, with the main source of carbohydrate derived either from a mixture of cornstarch and sucrose or from fructose. Half the rats given each carbohydrate source were fed calcium at recommended levels (125 mmol/kg Ca(2+)); the others were fed a diet low in calcium (25 mmol/kg Ca(2+)). At various times, glucose and insulin tolerance tests were conducted to assess glucose metabolism. RESULTS: Rats fed low-calcium diet had lower fasting insulin levels irrespective of the carbohydrate source they ate. They had a normal glycemic response to a glucose load and did not develop hyperinsulinemia under conditions of fructose feeding. The drop in blood glucose levels in response to insulin injection was larger in rats fed low-calcium diet than in those fed calcium-replete diet. CONCLUSIONS: Low-calcium diet prevented fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and improved glucose handling under conditions of fructose feeding. Potential mechanisms underlying these effects of the low-calcium diet remain to be determined, but possibilities include impairment of insulin release from the pancreas and improved peripheral insulin sensitivity. BioMed Central 2015-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC4625447/ /pubmed/26516336 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-015-0035-0 Text en © Voznesenskaya and Tordoff. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Voznesenskaya, Anna Tordoff, Michael G. Low-calcium diet prevents fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and ameliorates the response to glucose load in rats |
title | Low-calcium diet prevents fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and ameliorates the response to glucose load in rats |
title_full | Low-calcium diet prevents fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and ameliorates the response to glucose load in rats |
title_fullStr | Low-calcium diet prevents fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and ameliorates the response to glucose load in rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Low-calcium diet prevents fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and ameliorates the response to glucose load in rats |
title_short | Low-calcium diet prevents fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and ameliorates the response to glucose load in rats |
title_sort | low-calcium diet prevents fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia and ameliorates the response to glucose load in rats |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4625447/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516336 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12986-015-0035-0 |
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