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Type VI secretion system: secretion by a contractile nanomachine
The type VI secretion systems (T6SS) are present in about a quarter of all Gram-negative bacteria. Several key components of T6SS are evolutionarily related to components of contractile nanomachines such as phages and R-type pyocins. The T6SS assembly is initiated by formation of a membrane complex...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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The Royal Society
2015
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4632598/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26370934 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0021 |
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author | Basler, Marek |
author_facet | Basler, Marek |
author_sort | Basler, Marek |
collection | PubMed |
description | The type VI secretion systems (T6SS) are present in about a quarter of all Gram-negative bacteria. Several key components of T6SS are evolutionarily related to components of contractile nanomachines such as phages and R-type pyocins. The T6SS assembly is initiated by formation of a membrane complex that binds a phage-like baseplate with a sharp spike, and this is followed by polymerization of a long rigid inner tube and an outer contractile sheath. Effectors are preloaded onto the spike or into the tube during the assembly by various mechanisms. Contraction of the sheath releases an unprecedented amount of energy, which is used to thrust the spike and tube with the associated effectors out of the effector cell and across membranes of both bacterial and eukaryotic target cells. Subunits of the contracted sheath are recycled by T6SS-specific unfoldase to allow for a new round of assembly. Live-cell imaging has shown that the assembly is highly dynamic and its subcellular localization is in certain bacteria regulated with a remarkable precision. Through the action of effectors, T6SS has mainly been shown to contribute to pathogenicity and competition between bacteria. This review summarizes the knowledge that has contributed to our current understanding of T6SS mode of action. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4632598 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | The Royal Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46325982015-11-05 Type VI secretion system: secretion by a contractile nanomachine Basler, Marek Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci Articles The type VI secretion systems (T6SS) are present in about a quarter of all Gram-negative bacteria. Several key components of T6SS are evolutionarily related to components of contractile nanomachines such as phages and R-type pyocins. The T6SS assembly is initiated by formation of a membrane complex that binds a phage-like baseplate with a sharp spike, and this is followed by polymerization of a long rigid inner tube and an outer contractile sheath. Effectors are preloaded onto the spike or into the tube during the assembly by various mechanisms. Contraction of the sheath releases an unprecedented amount of energy, which is used to thrust the spike and tube with the associated effectors out of the effector cell and across membranes of both bacterial and eukaryotic target cells. Subunits of the contracted sheath are recycled by T6SS-specific unfoldase to allow for a new round of assembly. Live-cell imaging has shown that the assembly is highly dynamic and its subcellular localization is in certain bacteria regulated with a remarkable precision. Through the action of effectors, T6SS has mainly been shown to contribute to pathogenicity and competition between bacteria. This review summarizes the knowledge that has contributed to our current understanding of T6SS mode of action. The Royal Society 2015-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4632598/ /pubmed/26370934 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0021 Text en © 2015 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Articles Basler, Marek Type VI secretion system: secretion by a contractile nanomachine |
title | Type VI secretion system: secretion by a contractile nanomachine |
title_full | Type VI secretion system: secretion by a contractile nanomachine |
title_fullStr | Type VI secretion system: secretion by a contractile nanomachine |
title_full_unstemmed | Type VI secretion system: secretion by a contractile nanomachine |
title_short | Type VI secretion system: secretion by a contractile nanomachine |
title_sort | type vi secretion system: secretion by a contractile nanomachine |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4632598/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26370934 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0021 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT baslermarek typevisecretionsystemsecretionbyacontractilenanomachine |