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Vulnerability of individual fish to capture by trawling is influenced by capacity for anaerobic metabolism

The harvest of animals by humans may constitute one of the strongest evolutionary forces affecting wild populations. Vulnerability to harvest varies among individuals within species according to behavioural phenotypes, but we lack fundamental information regarding the physiological mechanisms underl...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Killen, Shaun S., Nati, Julie J. H., Suski, Cory D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4632608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26246542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0603
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author Killen, Shaun S.
Nati, Julie J. H.
Suski, Cory D.
author_facet Killen, Shaun S.
Nati, Julie J. H.
Suski, Cory D.
author_sort Killen, Shaun S.
collection PubMed
description The harvest of animals by humans may constitute one of the strongest evolutionary forces affecting wild populations. Vulnerability to harvest varies among individuals within species according to behavioural phenotypes, but we lack fundamental information regarding the physiological mechanisms underlying harvest-induced selection. It is unknown, for example, what physiological traits make some individual fish more susceptible to capture by commercial fisheries. Active fishing methods such as trawling pursue fish during harvest attempts, causing fish to use both aerobic steady-state swimming and anaerobic burst-type swimming to evade capture. Using simulated trawling procedures with schools of wild minnows Phoxinus phoxinus, we investigate two key questions to the study of fisheries-induced evolution that have been impossible to address using large-scale trawls: (i) are some individuals within a fish shoal consistently more susceptible to capture by trawling than others?; and (ii) if so, is this related to individual differences in swimming performance and metabolism? Results provide the first evidence of repeatable variation in susceptibility to trawling that is strongly related to anaerobic capacity and swimming ability. Maximum aerobic swim speed was also negatively correlated with vulnerability to trawling. Standard metabolic rate was highest among fish that were least vulnerable to trawling, but this relationship probably arose through correlations with anaerobic capacity. These results indicate that vulnerability to trawling is linked to anaerobic swimming performance and metabolic demand, drawing parallels with factors influencing susceptibility to natural predators. Selection on these traits by fisheries could induce shifts in the fundamental physiological makeup and function of descendent populations.
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spelling pubmed-46326082015-11-24 Vulnerability of individual fish to capture by trawling is influenced by capacity for anaerobic metabolism Killen, Shaun S. Nati, Julie J. H. Suski, Cory D. Proc Biol Sci Research Articles The harvest of animals by humans may constitute one of the strongest evolutionary forces affecting wild populations. Vulnerability to harvest varies among individuals within species according to behavioural phenotypes, but we lack fundamental information regarding the physiological mechanisms underlying harvest-induced selection. It is unknown, for example, what physiological traits make some individual fish more susceptible to capture by commercial fisheries. Active fishing methods such as trawling pursue fish during harvest attempts, causing fish to use both aerobic steady-state swimming and anaerobic burst-type swimming to evade capture. Using simulated trawling procedures with schools of wild minnows Phoxinus phoxinus, we investigate two key questions to the study of fisheries-induced evolution that have been impossible to address using large-scale trawls: (i) are some individuals within a fish shoal consistently more susceptible to capture by trawling than others?; and (ii) if so, is this related to individual differences in swimming performance and metabolism? Results provide the first evidence of repeatable variation in susceptibility to trawling that is strongly related to anaerobic capacity and swimming ability. Maximum aerobic swim speed was also negatively correlated with vulnerability to trawling. Standard metabolic rate was highest among fish that were least vulnerable to trawling, but this relationship probably arose through correlations with anaerobic capacity. These results indicate that vulnerability to trawling is linked to anaerobic swimming performance and metabolic demand, drawing parallels with factors influencing susceptibility to natural predators. Selection on these traits by fisheries could induce shifts in the fundamental physiological makeup and function of descendent populations. The Royal Society 2015-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4632608/ /pubmed/26246542 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0603 Text en © 2015 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Killen, Shaun S.
Nati, Julie J. H.
Suski, Cory D.
Vulnerability of individual fish to capture by trawling is influenced by capacity for anaerobic metabolism
title Vulnerability of individual fish to capture by trawling is influenced by capacity for anaerobic metabolism
title_full Vulnerability of individual fish to capture by trawling is influenced by capacity for anaerobic metabolism
title_fullStr Vulnerability of individual fish to capture by trawling is influenced by capacity for anaerobic metabolism
title_full_unstemmed Vulnerability of individual fish to capture by trawling is influenced by capacity for anaerobic metabolism
title_short Vulnerability of individual fish to capture by trawling is influenced by capacity for anaerobic metabolism
title_sort vulnerability of individual fish to capture by trawling is influenced by capacity for anaerobic metabolism
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4632608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26246542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0603
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