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Mechanisms of Cross-protection by Influenza Virus M2-based Vaccines

Current influenza virus vaccines are based on strain-specific surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) antigens and effective only when the predicted vaccine strains and circulating viruses are well-matched. The current strategy of influenza vaccination does not prevent the pandemic outbreaks and pro...

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Autores principales: Lee, Yu-Na, Kim, Min-Chul, Lee, Young-Tae, Kim, Yu-Jin, Kang, Sang-Moo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Association of Immunologists 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4637342/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26557805
http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2015.15.5.213
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author Lee, Yu-Na
Kim, Min-Chul
Lee, Young-Tae
Kim, Yu-Jin
Kang, Sang-Moo
author_facet Lee, Yu-Na
Kim, Min-Chul
Lee, Young-Tae
Kim, Yu-Jin
Kang, Sang-Moo
author_sort Lee, Yu-Na
collection PubMed
description Current influenza virus vaccines are based on strain-specific surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) antigens and effective only when the predicted vaccine strains and circulating viruses are well-matched. The current strategy of influenza vaccination does not prevent the pandemic outbreaks and protection efficacy is reduced or ineffective if mutant strains emerge. It is of high priority to develop effective vaccines and vaccination strategies conferring a broad range of cross protection. The extracellular domain of M2 (M2e) is highly conserved among human influenza A viruses and has been utilized to develop new vaccines inducing cross protection against different subtypes of influenza A virus. However, immune mechanisms of cross protection by M2e-based vaccines still remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we review immune correlates and mechanisms conferring cross protection by M2e-based vaccines. Molecular and cellular immune components that are known to be involved in M2 immune-mediated protection include antibodies, B cells, T cells, alveolar macrophages, Fc receptors, complements, and natural killer cells. Better understanding of protective mechanisms by immune responses induced by M2e vaccination will help facilitate development of broadly cross protective vaccines against influenza A virus.
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spelling pubmed-46373422015-11-10 Mechanisms of Cross-protection by Influenza Virus M2-based Vaccines Lee, Yu-Na Kim, Min-Chul Lee, Young-Tae Kim, Yu-Jin Kang, Sang-Moo Immune Netw Review Article Current influenza virus vaccines are based on strain-specific surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) antigens and effective only when the predicted vaccine strains and circulating viruses are well-matched. The current strategy of influenza vaccination does not prevent the pandemic outbreaks and protection efficacy is reduced or ineffective if mutant strains emerge. It is of high priority to develop effective vaccines and vaccination strategies conferring a broad range of cross protection. The extracellular domain of M2 (M2e) is highly conserved among human influenza A viruses and has been utilized to develop new vaccines inducing cross protection against different subtypes of influenza A virus. However, immune mechanisms of cross protection by M2e-based vaccines still remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we review immune correlates and mechanisms conferring cross protection by M2e-based vaccines. Molecular and cellular immune components that are known to be involved in M2 immune-mediated protection include antibodies, B cells, T cells, alveolar macrophages, Fc receptors, complements, and natural killer cells. Better understanding of protective mechanisms by immune responses induced by M2e vaccination will help facilitate development of broadly cross protective vaccines against influenza A virus. The Korean Association of Immunologists 2015-10 2015-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4637342/ /pubmed/26557805 http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2015.15.5.213 Text en Copyright © 2015 The Korean Association of Immunologists http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Lee, Yu-Na
Kim, Min-Chul
Lee, Young-Tae
Kim, Yu-Jin
Kang, Sang-Moo
Mechanisms of Cross-protection by Influenza Virus M2-based Vaccines
title Mechanisms of Cross-protection by Influenza Virus M2-based Vaccines
title_full Mechanisms of Cross-protection by Influenza Virus M2-based Vaccines
title_fullStr Mechanisms of Cross-protection by Influenza Virus M2-based Vaccines
title_full_unstemmed Mechanisms of Cross-protection by Influenza Virus M2-based Vaccines
title_short Mechanisms of Cross-protection by Influenza Virus M2-based Vaccines
title_sort mechanisms of cross-protection by influenza virus m2-based vaccines
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4637342/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26557805
http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2015.15.5.213
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