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Diagnosis and treatment of talar dislocation fractures illustrated by 3 case reports and review of literature

INTRODUCTION: Talar fractures are a rare type of fractures (less than 1%). They are difficult to treat and outcome is often complicated by arthritis and avascular necrosis. In this article three cases are presented with different types of dislocated talar neck fractures. Anatomy of the talus, treatm...

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Autores principales: Haverkort, J.J.M., Leenen, L.P.H., Wessem, K.J.P. van
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4643447/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26451643
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.09.025
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author Haverkort, J.J.M.
Leenen, L.P.H.
Wessem, K.J.P. van
author_facet Haverkort, J.J.M.
Leenen, L.P.H.
Wessem, K.J.P. van
author_sort Haverkort, J.J.M.
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Talar fractures are a rare type of fractures (less than 1%). They are difficult to treat and outcome is often complicated by arthritis and avascular necrosis. In this article three cases are presented with different types of dislocated talar neck fractures. Anatomy of the talus, treatment, outcome and follow up of these fractures are discussed. Further, review of literature and guidelines for treatment and follow up for dislocated talar neck fractures are discussed. DISCUSSION: The risk of developing arthritis or avascular necrosis of the talus after dislocated talar neck fractures depends on the initial trauma with vascular compromise due to dislocation of the talus. The modified Hawkins classification gives an insight in the risk of developing avascular necrosis. During follow up the Hawkins sign can be an indication of a vital talus. To diagnose avascular necrosis MRI is the only suitable diagnostic tool. CONCLUSION: Reduction of a dislocated talar fracture is a medical emergency in an effort to reduce the vascular compromise of the talus. Definitive fixation can be delayed but should be performed by an experienced surgeon to achieve an optimal reconstruction of the talar surface. Long-term follow up is important to evaluate signs of arthritis and avascular necrosis.
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spelling pubmed-46434472015-12-08 Diagnosis and treatment of talar dislocation fractures illustrated by 3 case reports and review of literature Haverkort, J.J.M. Leenen, L.P.H. Wessem, K.J.P. van Int J Surg Case Rep Case Series INTRODUCTION: Talar fractures are a rare type of fractures (less than 1%). They are difficult to treat and outcome is often complicated by arthritis and avascular necrosis. In this article three cases are presented with different types of dislocated talar neck fractures. Anatomy of the talus, treatment, outcome and follow up of these fractures are discussed. Further, review of literature and guidelines for treatment and follow up for dislocated talar neck fractures are discussed. DISCUSSION: The risk of developing arthritis or avascular necrosis of the talus after dislocated talar neck fractures depends on the initial trauma with vascular compromise due to dislocation of the talus. The modified Hawkins classification gives an insight in the risk of developing avascular necrosis. During follow up the Hawkins sign can be an indication of a vital talus. To diagnose avascular necrosis MRI is the only suitable diagnostic tool. CONCLUSION: Reduction of a dislocated talar fracture is a medical emergency in an effort to reduce the vascular compromise of the talus. Definitive fixation can be delayed but should be performed by an experienced surgeon to achieve an optimal reconstruction of the talar surface. Long-term follow up is important to evaluate signs of arthritis and avascular necrosis. Elsevier 2015-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC4643447/ /pubmed/26451643 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.09.025 Text en © 2015 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Series
Haverkort, J.J.M.
Leenen, L.P.H.
Wessem, K.J.P. van
Diagnosis and treatment of talar dislocation fractures illustrated by 3 case reports and review of literature
title Diagnosis and treatment of talar dislocation fractures illustrated by 3 case reports and review of literature
title_full Diagnosis and treatment of talar dislocation fractures illustrated by 3 case reports and review of literature
title_fullStr Diagnosis and treatment of talar dislocation fractures illustrated by 3 case reports and review of literature
title_full_unstemmed Diagnosis and treatment of talar dislocation fractures illustrated by 3 case reports and review of literature
title_short Diagnosis and treatment of talar dislocation fractures illustrated by 3 case reports and review of literature
title_sort diagnosis and treatment of talar dislocation fractures illustrated by 3 case reports and review of literature
topic Case Series
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4643447/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26451643
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.09.025
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