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The Role of Organelle Stresses in Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: Implication for Treatment
The type 2 diabetes pandemic in recent decades is a huge global health threat. This pandemic is primarily attributed to the surplus of nutrients and the increased prevalence of obesity worldwide. In contrast, calorie restriction and weight reduction can drastically prevent type 2 diabetes, indicatin...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4646985/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26613076 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/972891 |
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author | Chang, Yi-Cheng Hee, Siow-Wey Hsieh, Meng-Lun Jeng, Yung-Ming Chuang, Lee-Ming |
author_facet | Chang, Yi-Cheng Hee, Siow-Wey Hsieh, Meng-Lun Jeng, Yung-Ming Chuang, Lee-Ming |
author_sort | Chang, Yi-Cheng |
collection | PubMed |
description | The type 2 diabetes pandemic in recent decades is a huge global health threat. This pandemic is primarily attributed to the surplus of nutrients and the increased prevalence of obesity worldwide. In contrast, calorie restriction and weight reduction can drastically prevent type 2 diabetes, indicating a central role of nutrient excess in the development of diabetes. Recently, the molecular links between excessive nutrients, organelle stress, and development of metabolic disease have been extensively studied. Specifically, excessive nutrients trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress and increase the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, leading to activation of stress signaling pathway, inflammatory response, lipogenesis, and pancreatic beta-cell death. Autophagy is required for clearance of hepatic lipid clearance, alleviation of pancreatic beta-cell stress, and white adipocyte differentiation. ROS scavengers, chemical chaperones, and autophagy activators have demonstrated promising effects for the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes in preclinical models. Further results from clinical trials are eagerly awaited. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4646985 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46469852015-11-26 The Role of Organelle Stresses in Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: Implication for Treatment Chang, Yi-Cheng Hee, Siow-Wey Hsieh, Meng-Lun Jeng, Yung-Ming Chuang, Lee-Ming Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) Review Article The type 2 diabetes pandemic in recent decades is a huge global health threat. This pandemic is primarily attributed to the surplus of nutrients and the increased prevalence of obesity worldwide. In contrast, calorie restriction and weight reduction can drastically prevent type 2 diabetes, indicating a central role of nutrient excess in the development of diabetes. Recently, the molecular links between excessive nutrients, organelle stress, and development of metabolic disease have been extensively studied. Specifically, excessive nutrients trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress and increase the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, leading to activation of stress signaling pathway, inflammatory response, lipogenesis, and pancreatic beta-cell death. Autophagy is required for clearance of hepatic lipid clearance, alleviation of pancreatic beta-cell stress, and white adipocyte differentiation. ROS scavengers, chemical chaperones, and autophagy activators have demonstrated promising effects for the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes in preclinical models. Further results from clinical trials are eagerly awaited. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 2015-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4646985/ /pubmed/26613076 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/972891 Text en Copyright © 2015 Yi-Cheng Chang et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Chang, Yi-Cheng Hee, Siow-Wey Hsieh, Meng-Lun Jeng, Yung-Ming Chuang, Lee-Ming The Role of Organelle Stresses in Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: Implication for Treatment |
title | The Role of Organelle Stresses in Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: Implication for Treatment |
title_full | The Role of Organelle Stresses in Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: Implication for Treatment |
title_fullStr | The Role of Organelle Stresses in Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: Implication for Treatment |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Organelle Stresses in Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: Implication for Treatment |
title_short | The Role of Organelle Stresses in Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: Implication for Treatment |
title_sort | role of organelle stresses in diabetes mellitus and obesity: implication for treatment |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4646985/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26613076 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/972891 |
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