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Impact of Non-Native Birds on Native Ecosystems: A Global Analysis
Introduction and naturalization of non-native species is one of the most important threats to global biodiversity. Birds have been widely introduced worldwide, but their impacts on populations, communities, and ecosystems have not received as much attention as those of other groups. This work is a g...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2015
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4648570/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26576053 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143070 |
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author | Martin-Albarracin, Valeria L. Amico, Guillermo C. Simberloff, Daniel Nuñez, Martin A. |
author_facet | Martin-Albarracin, Valeria L. Amico, Guillermo C. Simberloff, Daniel Nuñez, Martin A. |
author_sort | Martin-Albarracin, Valeria L. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Introduction and naturalization of non-native species is one of the most important threats to global biodiversity. Birds have been widely introduced worldwide, but their impacts on populations, communities, and ecosystems have not received as much attention as those of other groups. This work is a global synthesis of the impact of nonnative birds on native ecosystems to determine (1) what groups, impacts, and locations have been best studied; (2) which taxonomic groups and which impacts have greatest effects on ecosystems, (3) how important are bird impacts at the community and ecosystem levels, and (4) what are the known benefits of nonnative birds to natural ecosystems. We conducted an extensive literature search that yielded 148 articles covering 39 species belonging to 18 families -18% of all known naturalized species. Studies were classified according to where they were conducted: Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe, North America, South America, Islands of the Indian, of the Pacific, and of the Atlantic Ocean. Seven types of impact on native ecosystems were evaluated: competition, disease transmission, chemical, physical, or structural impact on ecosystem, grazing/ herbivory/ browsing, hybridization, predation, and interaction with other non-native species. Hybridization and disease transmission were the most important impacts, affecting the population and community levels. Ecosystem-level impacts, such as structural and chemical impacts were detected. Seven species were found to have positive impacts aside from negative ones. We provide suggestions for future studies focused on mechanisms of impact, regions, and understudied taxonomic groups. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4648570 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46485702015-11-25 Impact of Non-Native Birds on Native Ecosystems: A Global Analysis Martin-Albarracin, Valeria L. Amico, Guillermo C. Simberloff, Daniel Nuñez, Martin A. PLoS One Research Article Introduction and naturalization of non-native species is one of the most important threats to global biodiversity. Birds have been widely introduced worldwide, but their impacts on populations, communities, and ecosystems have not received as much attention as those of other groups. This work is a global synthesis of the impact of nonnative birds on native ecosystems to determine (1) what groups, impacts, and locations have been best studied; (2) which taxonomic groups and which impacts have greatest effects on ecosystems, (3) how important are bird impacts at the community and ecosystem levels, and (4) what are the known benefits of nonnative birds to natural ecosystems. We conducted an extensive literature search that yielded 148 articles covering 39 species belonging to 18 families -18% of all known naturalized species. Studies were classified according to where they were conducted: Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe, North America, South America, Islands of the Indian, of the Pacific, and of the Atlantic Ocean. Seven types of impact on native ecosystems were evaluated: competition, disease transmission, chemical, physical, or structural impact on ecosystem, grazing/ herbivory/ browsing, hybridization, predation, and interaction with other non-native species. Hybridization and disease transmission were the most important impacts, affecting the population and community levels. Ecosystem-level impacts, such as structural and chemical impacts were detected. Seven species were found to have positive impacts aside from negative ones. We provide suggestions for future studies focused on mechanisms of impact, regions, and understudied taxonomic groups. Public Library of Science 2015-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4648570/ /pubmed/26576053 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143070 Text en © 2015 Martin-Albarracin et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Martin-Albarracin, Valeria L. Amico, Guillermo C. Simberloff, Daniel Nuñez, Martin A. Impact of Non-Native Birds on Native Ecosystems: A Global Analysis |
title | Impact of Non-Native Birds on Native Ecosystems: A Global Analysis |
title_full | Impact of Non-Native Birds on Native Ecosystems: A Global Analysis |
title_fullStr | Impact of Non-Native Birds on Native Ecosystems: A Global Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Non-Native Birds on Native Ecosystems: A Global Analysis |
title_short | Impact of Non-Native Birds on Native Ecosystems: A Global Analysis |
title_sort | impact of non-native birds on native ecosystems: a global analysis |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4648570/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26576053 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143070 |
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