Genotypic diversity and cariogenicity of Candida albicans from children with early childhood caries and caries-free children

BACKGROUND: The genotypic diversity and cariogenicity of C. albicans from the dental plaque of children are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the genotypic diversity and cariogenicity of C. albicans from children with early childhood caries and caries-free children. METHODS: Dental plaque samples from 238 children with early childhood caries and from 125 caries-free children were collected for C. albicans isolation. A PCR method based on 25S rDNA was used to analyze C. albicans genotypes, and the strains with different genotypes were tested with regard to acidogenicity and aciduricity. RESULTS: Among 129 C. albicans isolates, 79 (61.2 %) belonged to genotype A. The distribution frequency of genotypes A and C or genotypes B and C showed no significant difference between children with early childhood caries and caries-free children (p = 0.178 and 0.148), whereas genotypes A and B exhibited significantly different distributions (p = 0.010). No significant differences in aciduricity were found among the three genotypes, but the acidogenicity of genotypes B and C differed significantly from that of genotype A at pH 4.0. CONCLUSIONS: The genotypic distribution of C. albicans is associated with the caries experience of children, and the genotype may be related to its acidogenicity at pH 4.0.