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The association between alcohol use and depressive symptoms across socioeconomic status among 40- and 45-year-old Norwegian adults
BACKGROUND: Little population-based data among middle-aged adults exists examining the relationships between depressive symptoms, alcohol use, and socio-economic status (SES). This study aimed to describe the relationships between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at different levels of SES and to...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4653901/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26585028 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2479-6 |
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author | Martinez, Priscilla Neupane, Sudan Prasad Perlestenbakken, Berit Toutoungi, Christina Bramness, Jørgen G. |
author_facet | Martinez, Priscilla Neupane, Sudan Prasad Perlestenbakken, Berit Toutoungi, Christina Bramness, Jørgen G. |
author_sort | Martinez, Priscilla |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Little population-based data among middle-aged adults exists examining the relationships between depressive symptoms, alcohol use, and socio-economic status (SES). This study aimed to describe the relationships between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at different levels of SES and to determine differences across SES levels among a population-based sample of 40 and 45 year old adults in Norway. METHODS: This analysis was based on data from two Norwegian health studies conducted in 2000 and 2001, and included community-dwelling Norwegian men and women aged 40 and 45 years. Self-reported frequency and quantity of alcoholic drinks was used to calculate past-year typical quantity of drinks consumed and frequency of 5+ drinks per occasion, or heavy episodic drinking (HED). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 10-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist, and SES was measured as education level and employment status. To observe the association between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at each level of SES we fitted multinomial logistic regression models using each alcohol outcome as a dependent variable stratified by level of education and employment. To observe differences across levels of SES, we examined the interaction between depressive symptoms and SES level in multinomial logistic regression models for each alcohol measures. RESULTS: Having depressive symptoms was significantly associated with an increased risk of 5+ typical drinks among people in the lowest (RRR = 1.60, p ≤ 0.05) education level, and not among people in the highest. Conversely, significant associations were observed among all levels of employment. For frequency of HED, depressive symptoms was not significantly associated with frequency of HED at any education level. Depressive symptoms was associated with 13+ past year HED episodes among people with no employment (RRR = 1.97, p ≤ 0.05), and part-time employment (RRR = 2.33, p ≤ 0.01), and no association was observed among people with full-time employment. A significant interaction was observed for depressive symptoms and employment for risk of 13+ past-year HED episodes. CONCLUSIONS: The results show a variety of associations between depressive symptoms and alcohol use among people with lower SES, and suggest type of alcohol use and SES measure may influence the observation of an association between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at different SES levels. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2479-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4653901 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46539012015-11-21 The association between alcohol use and depressive symptoms across socioeconomic status among 40- and 45-year-old Norwegian adults Martinez, Priscilla Neupane, Sudan Prasad Perlestenbakken, Berit Toutoungi, Christina Bramness, Jørgen G. BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Little population-based data among middle-aged adults exists examining the relationships between depressive symptoms, alcohol use, and socio-economic status (SES). This study aimed to describe the relationships between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at different levels of SES and to determine differences across SES levels among a population-based sample of 40 and 45 year old adults in Norway. METHODS: This analysis was based on data from two Norwegian health studies conducted in 2000 and 2001, and included community-dwelling Norwegian men and women aged 40 and 45 years. Self-reported frequency and quantity of alcoholic drinks was used to calculate past-year typical quantity of drinks consumed and frequency of 5+ drinks per occasion, or heavy episodic drinking (HED). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 10-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist, and SES was measured as education level and employment status. To observe the association between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at each level of SES we fitted multinomial logistic regression models using each alcohol outcome as a dependent variable stratified by level of education and employment. To observe differences across levels of SES, we examined the interaction between depressive symptoms and SES level in multinomial logistic regression models for each alcohol measures. RESULTS: Having depressive symptoms was significantly associated with an increased risk of 5+ typical drinks among people in the lowest (RRR = 1.60, p ≤ 0.05) education level, and not among people in the highest. Conversely, significant associations were observed among all levels of employment. For frequency of HED, depressive symptoms was not significantly associated with frequency of HED at any education level. Depressive symptoms was associated with 13+ past year HED episodes among people with no employment (RRR = 1.97, p ≤ 0.05), and part-time employment (RRR = 2.33, p ≤ 0.01), and no association was observed among people with full-time employment. A significant interaction was observed for depressive symptoms and employment for risk of 13+ past-year HED episodes. CONCLUSIONS: The results show a variety of associations between depressive symptoms and alcohol use among people with lower SES, and suggest type of alcohol use and SES measure may influence the observation of an association between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at different SES levels. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2479-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2015-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4653901/ /pubmed/26585028 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2479-6 Text en © Martinez et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Martinez, Priscilla Neupane, Sudan Prasad Perlestenbakken, Berit Toutoungi, Christina Bramness, Jørgen G. The association between alcohol use and depressive symptoms across socioeconomic status among 40- and 45-year-old Norwegian adults |
title | The association between alcohol use and depressive symptoms across socioeconomic status among 40- and 45-year-old Norwegian adults |
title_full | The association between alcohol use and depressive symptoms across socioeconomic status among 40- and 45-year-old Norwegian adults |
title_fullStr | The association between alcohol use and depressive symptoms across socioeconomic status among 40- and 45-year-old Norwegian adults |
title_full_unstemmed | The association between alcohol use and depressive symptoms across socioeconomic status among 40- and 45-year-old Norwegian adults |
title_short | The association between alcohol use and depressive symptoms across socioeconomic status among 40- and 45-year-old Norwegian adults |
title_sort | association between alcohol use and depressive symptoms across socioeconomic status among 40- and 45-year-old norwegian adults |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4653901/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26585028 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2479-6 |
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