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Polymodal roles of transient receptor potential channels in the control of ocular function

Maintenance of intracellular Ca(2+) levels at orders of magnitude below those in the extracellular environment is a requisite for preserving cell viability. Membrane channels contribute to such control through modulating their time-dependent opening and closing behaviour. Such regulation requires Ca...

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Autores principales: Reinach, Peter S, Chen, Weiwei, Mergler, Stefan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4655450/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26605361
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40662-015-0016-4
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author Reinach, Peter S
Chen, Weiwei
Mergler, Stefan
author_facet Reinach, Peter S
Chen, Weiwei
Mergler, Stefan
author_sort Reinach, Peter S
collection PubMed
description Maintenance of intracellular Ca(2+) levels at orders of magnitude below those in the extracellular environment is a requisite for preserving cell viability. Membrane channels contribute to such control through modulating their time-dependent opening and closing behaviour. Such regulation requires Ca(2+) to serve as a second messenger mediating receptor control of numerous life-sustaining responses. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels signal transduce a wide variety of different sensory stimuli to induce responses modulating cellular function. These channels are non-selective cation channels with variable Ca(2+) selectivity having extensive sequence homology. They constitute a superfamily made up of 28 different members that are subdivided into 7 different subfamilies based on differences in sequence homology. Some of these TRP channel isotypes are expressed in the eye and localized to both neuronal and non-neuronal cell membranes. Their activation generates intracellular Ca(2+) transients and other downstream-linked signalling events that affect numerous responses required for visual function. As there is an association between changes in functional TRP expression in various ocular diseases, there are efforts underway to determine if these channels can be used as drug targets to reverse declines in ocular function. We review here our current knowledge about the expression, function and regulation of TRPs in different eye tissues in health and disease. Furthermore, some of the remaining hurdles are described to developing safe and efficacious TRP channel modulators for use in a clinical setting.
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spelling pubmed-46554502015-11-24 Polymodal roles of transient receptor potential channels in the control of ocular function Reinach, Peter S Chen, Weiwei Mergler, Stefan Eye Vis (Lond) Review Maintenance of intracellular Ca(2+) levels at orders of magnitude below those in the extracellular environment is a requisite for preserving cell viability. Membrane channels contribute to such control through modulating their time-dependent opening and closing behaviour. Such regulation requires Ca(2+) to serve as a second messenger mediating receptor control of numerous life-sustaining responses. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels signal transduce a wide variety of different sensory stimuli to induce responses modulating cellular function. These channels are non-selective cation channels with variable Ca(2+) selectivity having extensive sequence homology. They constitute a superfamily made up of 28 different members that are subdivided into 7 different subfamilies based on differences in sequence homology. Some of these TRP channel isotypes are expressed in the eye and localized to both neuronal and non-neuronal cell membranes. Their activation generates intracellular Ca(2+) transients and other downstream-linked signalling events that affect numerous responses required for visual function. As there is an association between changes in functional TRP expression in various ocular diseases, there are efforts underway to determine if these channels can be used as drug targets to reverse declines in ocular function. We review here our current knowledge about the expression, function and regulation of TRPs in different eye tissues in health and disease. Furthermore, some of the remaining hurdles are described to developing safe and efficacious TRP channel modulators for use in a clinical setting. BioMed Central 2015-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4655450/ /pubmed/26605361 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40662-015-0016-4 Text en © Reinach et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Reinach, Peter S
Chen, Weiwei
Mergler, Stefan
Polymodal roles of transient receptor potential channels in the control of ocular function
title Polymodal roles of transient receptor potential channels in the control of ocular function
title_full Polymodal roles of transient receptor potential channels in the control of ocular function
title_fullStr Polymodal roles of transient receptor potential channels in the control of ocular function
title_full_unstemmed Polymodal roles of transient receptor potential channels in the control of ocular function
title_short Polymodal roles of transient receptor potential channels in the control of ocular function
title_sort polymodal roles of transient receptor potential channels in the control of ocular function
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4655450/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26605361
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40662-015-0016-4
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