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Co-expression of parathyroid hormone related protein and TGF-beta in breast cancer predicts poor survival outcome
BACKGROUND: Better methods to predict prognosis can play a supplementary role in administering individualized treatment for breast cancer patients. Altered expressions of PTHrP and TGF-β have been observed in various types of human cancers. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the asso...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4655491/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26597083 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1873-x |
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author | Xu, Cheng Wang, Zhengyuan Cui, Rongrong He, Hongyu Lin, Xiaoyan Sheng, Yuan Zhang, Hongwei |
author_facet | Xu, Cheng Wang, Zhengyuan Cui, Rongrong He, Hongyu Lin, Xiaoyan Sheng, Yuan Zhang, Hongwei |
author_sort | Xu, Cheng |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Better methods to predict prognosis can play a supplementary role in administering individualized treatment for breast cancer patients. Altered expressions of PTHrP and TGF-β have been observed in various types of human cancers. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the association of PTHrP and TGF-β level with the clinicopathological features of the breast cancer patients. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to examine PTHrP and TGF-β protein expression in 497 cases of early breast cancer, and Kaplan-Meier method and COX’s Proportional Hazard Model were applied to the prognostic value of PTHrP and TGF-β expression. RESULTS: Both over-expressed TGF-β and PTHrP were correlated with the tumor in larger size, higher proportion of axillary lymph node metastasis and later clinical stage. Additionally, the tumors with a high TGF-β level developed poor differentiation, and only TGF-β expression was associated with disease-free survival (DFS) of the breast cancer patients. Followed up for a median of 48 months, it was found that only the patients with negative TGF-β expression had longer DFS (P < 0.05, log-rank test). Nevertheless, those with higher PTHrP expression tended to show a higher rate of bone metastasis (67.6 % vs. 45.8 %, P = 0.019). In ER negative subgroup, those who developed PTHrP positive expression presented poor prognosis (P < 0.05, log-rank test). The patients with both positive TGF-β and PTHrP expression were significantly associated with the high risk of metastases. As indicated by Cox’s regression analysis, TGF-β expression and the high proportion of axillary lymph node metastasis served as significant independent predictors for breast cancer recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: TGF-β and PTHrP were confirmed to be involved in regulating the malignant progression in breast cancer, and PTHrP expression, to be associated with bone metastasis as a potential prognostic marker in ER negative breast cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4655491 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46554912015-11-24 Co-expression of parathyroid hormone related protein and TGF-beta in breast cancer predicts poor survival outcome Xu, Cheng Wang, Zhengyuan Cui, Rongrong He, Hongyu Lin, Xiaoyan Sheng, Yuan Zhang, Hongwei BMC Cancer Research Article BACKGROUND: Better methods to predict prognosis can play a supplementary role in administering individualized treatment for breast cancer patients. Altered expressions of PTHrP and TGF-β have been observed in various types of human cancers. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the association of PTHrP and TGF-β level with the clinicopathological features of the breast cancer patients. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to examine PTHrP and TGF-β protein expression in 497 cases of early breast cancer, and Kaplan-Meier method and COX’s Proportional Hazard Model were applied to the prognostic value of PTHrP and TGF-β expression. RESULTS: Both over-expressed TGF-β and PTHrP were correlated with the tumor in larger size, higher proportion of axillary lymph node metastasis and later clinical stage. Additionally, the tumors with a high TGF-β level developed poor differentiation, and only TGF-β expression was associated with disease-free survival (DFS) of the breast cancer patients. Followed up for a median of 48 months, it was found that only the patients with negative TGF-β expression had longer DFS (P < 0.05, log-rank test). Nevertheless, those with higher PTHrP expression tended to show a higher rate of bone metastasis (67.6 % vs. 45.8 %, P = 0.019). In ER negative subgroup, those who developed PTHrP positive expression presented poor prognosis (P < 0.05, log-rank test). The patients with both positive TGF-β and PTHrP expression were significantly associated with the high risk of metastases. As indicated by Cox’s regression analysis, TGF-β expression and the high proportion of axillary lymph node metastasis served as significant independent predictors for breast cancer recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: TGF-β and PTHrP were confirmed to be involved in regulating the malignant progression in breast cancer, and PTHrP expression, to be associated with bone metastasis as a potential prognostic marker in ER negative breast cancer. BioMed Central 2015-11-23 /pmc/articles/PMC4655491/ /pubmed/26597083 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1873-x Text en © Xu et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Xu, Cheng Wang, Zhengyuan Cui, Rongrong He, Hongyu Lin, Xiaoyan Sheng, Yuan Zhang, Hongwei Co-expression of parathyroid hormone related protein and TGF-beta in breast cancer predicts poor survival outcome |
title | Co-expression of parathyroid hormone related protein and TGF-beta in breast cancer predicts poor survival outcome |
title_full | Co-expression of parathyroid hormone related protein and TGF-beta in breast cancer predicts poor survival outcome |
title_fullStr | Co-expression of parathyroid hormone related protein and TGF-beta in breast cancer predicts poor survival outcome |
title_full_unstemmed | Co-expression of parathyroid hormone related protein and TGF-beta in breast cancer predicts poor survival outcome |
title_short | Co-expression of parathyroid hormone related protein and TGF-beta in breast cancer predicts poor survival outcome |
title_sort | co-expression of parathyroid hormone related protein and tgf-beta in breast cancer predicts poor survival outcome |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4655491/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26597083 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-1873-x |
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