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Risks associated with communication delays in infants from underserved South African communities

BACKGROUND: For optimal development young children need warm, responsive, enriched and communicative environments for learning social, language, and other skills. Infants and toddlers exposed to psychosocial risk lack enriched environments and may present with communication delays. AIM: To investiga...

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Autores principales: van der Linde, Jeannie, Swanepoel, De Wet, Glascoe, Frances P., Louw, E.M., Hugo, Jannie F.M., Vinck, Bart
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: AOSIS OpenJournals 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4656928/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26466395
http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v7i1.841
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author van der Linde, Jeannie
Swanepoel, De Wet
Glascoe, Frances P.
Louw, E.M.
Hugo, Jannie F.M.
Vinck, Bart
author_facet van der Linde, Jeannie
Swanepoel, De Wet
Glascoe, Frances P.
Louw, E.M.
Hugo, Jannie F.M.
Vinck, Bart
author_sort van der Linde, Jeannie
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: For optimal development young children need warm, responsive, enriched and communicative environments for learning social, language, and other skills. Infants and toddlers exposed to psychosocial risk lack enriched environments and may present with communication delays. AIM: To investigate the relationship between psychosocial risks and communication delays in infants from underserved communities in South Africa. SETTING: Primary healthcare facilities in Tshwane district, South Africa. METHODS: A parent interview and Rossetti Infant Toddler Language Scales were used to collect data from caregivers of 201 infants aged 6–12 months, selected through convenience sampling. Associations between communication delays and risks were determined (Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests). A log-linear model analysis was used to model the simultaneous effect of significant risks on the probability of having communication delays. RESULTS: Communication delays were present in 13% of infants. Infants with two or more siblings, born from mothers aged 18–29 years who own their house, had a 39% chance of presenting with communication delays. CONCLUSION: Developmental screening and early intervention is important in primary healthcare contexts in South Africa, as a clear relationship has been established between three risk factors and communication delays in infants. CONTEXTE: Risques associés à des retards de communication verbale chez les nourrissons des communautés sud-africaines non desservies. Pour s'épanouir complètement les jeunes enfants ont besoin d'un environnement chaud, réceptif, enrichi et communicatif pour apprendre le langage social et d'autres compétences. Les nourrissons et les tout-petits exposés à des risques psychosociaux souffrent d'un manque d'environnements enrichissants et pourraient souffrir de retards de communication verbale. OBJECTIF: Pour étudier la relation entre les risques psychosociaux et les retards de communication verbale chez les nourrissons des communautés non desservies en Afrique du Sud. LIEU: Services de soins primaires dans le district de Tshwane, en Afrique du Sud. MÉTHODES: Une entrevue avec les parents et l'Echelle de Compétence linguistique pour les Nourrissons de Rossetti ont été utilisés pour rassembler les données de 201 nourrissons de 6 à 12 mois provenant de leurs gardiens, sélectionnés au moyen d'échantillonnages de proximité. On a remarqué un lien entre les retards et les risques de communication verbale (tests Chi carré et de Fisher). On a utilisé un modèle d'analyse log-linéaire pour modéliser l'effet simultané des risques importants sur la probabilité d'avoir des retards de communication verbale. RÉSULTATS: On a trouvé des retards de communication verbale chez 13% des nourrissons. Les nourrissons qui vivent avec deux frères ou sœurs ou plus, nés de mères âgées de 18 à 29 ans qui ont leur propre maison, avaient 39% plus de chance d'avoir des retards de communication verbale.
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spelling pubmed-46569282016-02-03 Risks associated with communication delays in infants from underserved South African communities van der Linde, Jeannie Swanepoel, De Wet Glascoe, Frances P. Louw, E.M. Hugo, Jannie F.M. Vinck, Bart Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med Original Research BACKGROUND: For optimal development young children need warm, responsive, enriched and communicative environments for learning social, language, and other skills. Infants and toddlers exposed to psychosocial risk lack enriched environments and may present with communication delays. AIM: To investigate the relationship between psychosocial risks and communication delays in infants from underserved communities in South Africa. SETTING: Primary healthcare facilities in Tshwane district, South Africa. METHODS: A parent interview and Rossetti Infant Toddler Language Scales were used to collect data from caregivers of 201 infants aged 6–12 months, selected through convenience sampling. Associations between communication delays and risks were determined (Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests). A log-linear model analysis was used to model the simultaneous effect of significant risks on the probability of having communication delays. RESULTS: Communication delays were present in 13% of infants. Infants with two or more siblings, born from mothers aged 18–29 years who own their house, had a 39% chance of presenting with communication delays. CONCLUSION: Developmental screening and early intervention is important in primary healthcare contexts in South Africa, as a clear relationship has been established between three risk factors and communication delays in infants. CONTEXTE: Risques associés à des retards de communication verbale chez les nourrissons des communautés sud-africaines non desservies. Pour s'épanouir complètement les jeunes enfants ont besoin d'un environnement chaud, réceptif, enrichi et communicatif pour apprendre le langage social et d'autres compétences. Les nourrissons et les tout-petits exposés à des risques psychosociaux souffrent d'un manque d'environnements enrichissants et pourraient souffrir de retards de communication verbale. OBJECTIF: Pour étudier la relation entre les risques psychosociaux et les retards de communication verbale chez les nourrissons des communautés non desservies en Afrique du Sud. LIEU: Services de soins primaires dans le district de Tshwane, en Afrique du Sud. MÉTHODES: Une entrevue avec les parents et l'Echelle de Compétence linguistique pour les Nourrissons de Rossetti ont été utilisés pour rassembler les données de 201 nourrissons de 6 à 12 mois provenant de leurs gardiens, sélectionnés au moyen d'échantillonnages de proximité. On a remarqué un lien entre les retards et les risques de communication verbale (tests Chi carré et de Fisher). On a utilisé un modèle d'analyse log-linéaire pour modéliser l'effet simultané des risques importants sur la probabilité d'avoir des retards de communication verbale. RÉSULTATS: On a trouvé des retards de communication verbale chez 13% des nourrissons. Les nourrissons qui vivent avec deux frères ou sœurs ou plus, nés de mères âgées de 18 à 29 ans qui ont leur propre maison, avaient 39% plus de chance d'avoir des retards de communication verbale. AOSIS OpenJournals 2015-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4656928/ /pubmed/26466395 http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v7i1.841 Text en © 2015. The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ AOSIS OpenJournals. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.
spellingShingle Original Research
van der Linde, Jeannie
Swanepoel, De Wet
Glascoe, Frances P.
Louw, E.M.
Hugo, Jannie F.M.
Vinck, Bart
Risks associated with communication delays in infants from underserved South African communities
title Risks associated with communication delays in infants from underserved South African communities
title_full Risks associated with communication delays in infants from underserved South African communities
title_fullStr Risks associated with communication delays in infants from underserved South African communities
title_full_unstemmed Risks associated with communication delays in infants from underserved South African communities
title_short Risks associated with communication delays in infants from underserved South African communities
title_sort risks associated with communication delays in infants from underserved south african communities
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4656928/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26466395
http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v7i1.841
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