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Widespread nasal carriage of Mycobacterium leprae among a healthy population in a hyperendemic region of northeastern Brazil

A case-control study was conducted to determine the presence of Mycobacterium leprae DNA in nasal secretions of leprosy cases and nonleprosy individuals in Fortaleza, Brazil. It included 185 cases identified by physicians at the Dona Libânia National Reference Centre for Sanitary Dermatology (CDERM)...

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Autores principales: Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa, Frota, Cristiane Cunha, Mota, Rosa Maria Salani, Almeida, Rosa Livia Freitas, Pontes, Maria Araci de Andrade, Gonçalves, Heitor de Sá, Rodrigues, Laura Cunha, Kendall, Carl, Kerr, Ligia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4660619/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26560980
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760150178
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author Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa
Frota, Cristiane Cunha
Mota, Rosa Maria Salani
Almeida, Rosa Livia Freitas
Pontes, Maria Araci de Andrade
Gonçalves, Heitor de Sá
Rodrigues, Laura Cunha
Kendall, Carl
Kerr, Ligia
author_facet Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa
Frota, Cristiane Cunha
Mota, Rosa Maria Salani
Almeida, Rosa Livia Freitas
Pontes, Maria Araci de Andrade
Gonçalves, Heitor de Sá
Rodrigues, Laura Cunha
Kendall, Carl
Kerr, Ligia
author_sort Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa
collection PubMed
description A case-control study was conducted to determine the presence of Mycobacterium leprae DNA in nasal secretions of leprosy cases and nonleprosy individuals in Fortaleza, Brazil. It included 185 cases identified by physicians at the Dona Libânia National Reference Centre for Sanitary Dermatology (CDERM). A control group (Co) (n = 136) was identified among individuals from CDERM not diagnosed as leprosy cases. To augment the spatial analysis of M. leprae specific repetitive element (RLEP) positive prevalence, an external group (EG) (n = 121), a convenience sample of healthy students, were included. Polymerase chain reaction for the RLEP sequence was conducted for all participants. Prevalence of RLEP positivity for cases and Co were 69.2% and 66.9%, respectively, significantly higher than for EG (28.1%), and reported elsewhere. Male sex, belonging to a lower socioeconomic status (D/E), history of a previous contact with a case and being older, were associated with being a leprosy case. Our geographical analysis demonstrated that the bacillus is widespread among the healthy population, with clusters of RLEP positive multibacillary cases concentrated in distinct areas of the city. Our results suggest that in endemic areas, as in Fortaleza, surveillance for both nonhousehold leprosy contacts and members of the general population living in cluster areas should be implemented.
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spelling pubmed-46606192015-11-27 Widespread nasal carriage of Mycobacterium leprae among a healthy population in a hyperendemic region of northeastern Brazil Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Frota, Cristiane Cunha Mota, Rosa Maria Salani Almeida, Rosa Livia Freitas Pontes, Maria Araci de Andrade Gonçalves, Heitor de Sá Rodrigues, Laura Cunha Kendall, Carl Kerr, Ligia Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz Articles A case-control study was conducted to determine the presence of Mycobacterium leprae DNA in nasal secretions of leprosy cases and nonleprosy individuals in Fortaleza, Brazil. It included 185 cases identified by physicians at the Dona Libânia National Reference Centre for Sanitary Dermatology (CDERM). A control group (Co) (n = 136) was identified among individuals from CDERM not diagnosed as leprosy cases. To augment the spatial analysis of M. leprae specific repetitive element (RLEP) positive prevalence, an external group (EG) (n = 121), a convenience sample of healthy students, were included. Polymerase chain reaction for the RLEP sequence was conducted for all participants. Prevalence of RLEP positivity for cases and Co were 69.2% and 66.9%, respectively, significantly higher than for EG (28.1%), and reported elsewhere. Male sex, belonging to a lower socioeconomic status (D/E), history of a previous contact with a case and being older, were associated with being a leprosy case. Our geographical analysis demonstrated that the bacillus is widespread among the healthy population, with clusters of RLEP positive multibacillary cases concentrated in distinct areas of the city. Our results suggest that in endemic areas, as in Fortaleza, surveillance for both nonhousehold leprosy contacts and members of the general population living in cluster areas should be implemented. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde 2015-11 /pmc/articles/PMC4660619/ /pubmed/26560980 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760150178 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Articles
Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa
Frota, Cristiane Cunha
Mota, Rosa Maria Salani
Almeida, Rosa Livia Freitas
Pontes, Maria Araci de Andrade
Gonçalves, Heitor de Sá
Rodrigues, Laura Cunha
Kendall, Carl
Kerr, Ligia
Widespread nasal carriage of Mycobacterium leprae among a healthy population in a hyperendemic region of northeastern Brazil
title Widespread nasal carriage of Mycobacterium leprae among a healthy population in a hyperendemic region of northeastern Brazil
title_full Widespread nasal carriage of Mycobacterium leprae among a healthy population in a hyperendemic region of northeastern Brazil
title_fullStr Widespread nasal carriage of Mycobacterium leprae among a healthy population in a hyperendemic region of northeastern Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Widespread nasal carriage of Mycobacterium leprae among a healthy population in a hyperendemic region of northeastern Brazil
title_short Widespread nasal carriage of Mycobacterium leprae among a healthy population in a hyperendemic region of northeastern Brazil
title_sort widespread nasal carriage of mycobacterium leprae among a healthy population in a hyperendemic region of northeastern brazil
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4660619/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26560980
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760150178
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