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Diverse Profiles of Ricin-Cell Interactions in the Lung Following Intranasal Exposure to Ricin
Ricin, a plant-derived exotoxin, inhibits protein synthesis by ribosomal inactivation. Due to its wide availability and ease of preparation, ricin is considered a biothreat, foremost by respiratory exposure. We examined the in vivo interactions between ricin and cells of the lungs in mice intranasal...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4663535/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26593946 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins7114817 |
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author | Sapoznikov, Anita Falach, Reut Mazor, Ohad Alcalay, Ron Gal, Yoav Seliger, Nehama Sabo, Tamar Kronman, Chanoch |
author_facet | Sapoznikov, Anita Falach, Reut Mazor, Ohad Alcalay, Ron Gal, Yoav Seliger, Nehama Sabo, Tamar Kronman, Chanoch |
author_sort | Sapoznikov, Anita |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ricin, a plant-derived exotoxin, inhibits protein synthesis by ribosomal inactivation. Due to its wide availability and ease of preparation, ricin is considered a biothreat, foremost by respiratory exposure. We examined the in vivo interactions between ricin and cells of the lungs in mice intranasally exposed to the toxin and revealed multi-phasic cell-type-dependent binding profiles. While macrophages (MΦs) and dendritic cells (DCs) displayed biphasic binding to ricin, monophasic binding patterns were observed for other cell types; epithelial cells displayed early binding, while B cells and endothelial cells bound toxin late after intoxication. Neutrophils, which were massively recruited to the intoxicated lung, were refractive to toxin binding. Although epithelial cells bound ricin as early as MΦs and DCs, their rates of elimination differed considerably; a reduction in epithelial cell counts occurred late after intoxication and was restricted to alveolar type II cells only. The differential binding and cell-elimination patterns observed may stem from dissimilar accessibility of the toxin to different cells in the lung and may also reflect unequal interactions of the toxin with different cell-surface receptors. The multifaceted interactions observed in this study between ricin and the various cells of the target organ should be considered in the future development of efficient post-exposure countermeasures against ricin intoxication. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4663535 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46635352015-12-10 Diverse Profiles of Ricin-Cell Interactions in the Lung Following Intranasal Exposure to Ricin Sapoznikov, Anita Falach, Reut Mazor, Ohad Alcalay, Ron Gal, Yoav Seliger, Nehama Sabo, Tamar Kronman, Chanoch Toxins (Basel) Article Ricin, a plant-derived exotoxin, inhibits protein synthesis by ribosomal inactivation. Due to its wide availability and ease of preparation, ricin is considered a biothreat, foremost by respiratory exposure. We examined the in vivo interactions between ricin and cells of the lungs in mice intranasally exposed to the toxin and revealed multi-phasic cell-type-dependent binding profiles. While macrophages (MΦs) and dendritic cells (DCs) displayed biphasic binding to ricin, monophasic binding patterns were observed for other cell types; epithelial cells displayed early binding, while B cells and endothelial cells bound toxin late after intoxication. Neutrophils, which were massively recruited to the intoxicated lung, were refractive to toxin binding. Although epithelial cells bound ricin as early as MΦs and DCs, their rates of elimination differed considerably; a reduction in epithelial cell counts occurred late after intoxication and was restricted to alveolar type II cells only. The differential binding and cell-elimination patterns observed may stem from dissimilar accessibility of the toxin to different cells in the lung and may also reflect unequal interactions of the toxin with different cell-surface receptors. The multifaceted interactions observed in this study between ricin and the various cells of the target organ should be considered in the future development of efficient post-exposure countermeasures against ricin intoxication. MDPI 2015-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4663535/ /pubmed/26593946 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins7114817 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sapoznikov, Anita Falach, Reut Mazor, Ohad Alcalay, Ron Gal, Yoav Seliger, Nehama Sabo, Tamar Kronman, Chanoch Diverse Profiles of Ricin-Cell Interactions in the Lung Following Intranasal Exposure to Ricin |
title | Diverse Profiles of Ricin-Cell Interactions in the Lung Following Intranasal Exposure to Ricin |
title_full | Diverse Profiles of Ricin-Cell Interactions in the Lung Following Intranasal Exposure to Ricin |
title_fullStr | Diverse Profiles of Ricin-Cell Interactions in the Lung Following Intranasal Exposure to Ricin |
title_full_unstemmed | Diverse Profiles of Ricin-Cell Interactions in the Lung Following Intranasal Exposure to Ricin |
title_short | Diverse Profiles of Ricin-Cell Interactions in the Lung Following Intranasal Exposure to Ricin |
title_sort | diverse profiles of ricin-cell interactions in the lung following intranasal exposure to ricin |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4663535/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26593946 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins7114817 |
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