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Balancing Sodium and Potassium: Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample

Dietary intakes of sodium and potassium are important determinants of blood pressure. We assessed sodium and potassium intake in a cross-sectional survey which included a random sample of New Zealand Adults aged 18 to 64 years from two New Zealand cities: Dunedin and Wellington. Participants complet...

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Autores principales: McLean, Rachael, Edmonds, Julia, Williams, Sheila, Mann, Jim, Skeaff, Sheila
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4663567/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516912
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7115439
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author McLean, Rachael
Edmonds, Julia
Williams, Sheila
Mann, Jim
Skeaff, Sheila
author_facet McLean, Rachael
Edmonds, Julia
Williams, Sheila
Mann, Jim
Skeaff, Sheila
author_sort McLean, Rachael
collection PubMed
description Dietary intakes of sodium and potassium are important determinants of blood pressure. We assessed sodium and potassium intake in a cross-sectional survey which included a random sample of New Zealand Adults aged 18 to 64 years from two New Zealand cities: Dunedin and Wellington. Participants completed a short questionnaire, had height, weight and blood pressure measured, and collected a 24 h urine sample. Mean 24 h sodium excretion was 3386 mg/day (95% CI 3221, 3551): 3865 mg/day for men and for 2934 mg/day women. Mean 24 h potassium excretion was 2738 mg/day (95% CI 2623, 2855): 3031 mg/day for men and 2436 mg/day for women. Mean sodium:potassium ratio was 1.32 (95% CI 1.26, 1.39); 1.39 for men and 1.26 for women. Sodium intake was higher among younger people, men, those with a higher BMI and higher potassium excretion. Potassium excretion was higher among older people, men and those with a higher sodium excretion. New Zealand adults have high sodium intakes and low potassium intakes compared to recommended levels. This is likely to adversely affect population blood pressure levels as well as incidence of cardiovascular disease. A comprehensive public health programme to reduce dietary sodium intake and increase intake of fruit and vegetables is warranted.
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spelling pubmed-46635672015-12-10 Balancing Sodium and Potassium: Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample McLean, Rachael Edmonds, Julia Williams, Sheila Mann, Jim Skeaff, Sheila Nutrients Article Dietary intakes of sodium and potassium are important determinants of blood pressure. We assessed sodium and potassium intake in a cross-sectional survey which included a random sample of New Zealand Adults aged 18 to 64 years from two New Zealand cities: Dunedin and Wellington. Participants completed a short questionnaire, had height, weight and blood pressure measured, and collected a 24 h urine sample. Mean 24 h sodium excretion was 3386 mg/day (95% CI 3221, 3551): 3865 mg/day for men and for 2934 mg/day women. Mean 24 h potassium excretion was 2738 mg/day (95% CI 2623, 2855): 3031 mg/day for men and 2436 mg/day for women. Mean sodium:potassium ratio was 1.32 (95% CI 1.26, 1.39); 1.39 for men and 1.26 for women. Sodium intake was higher among younger people, men, those with a higher BMI and higher potassium excretion. Potassium excretion was higher among older people, men and those with a higher sodium excretion. New Zealand adults have high sodium intakes and low potassium intakes compared to recommended levels. This is likely to adversely affect population blood pressure levels as well as incidence of cardiovascular disease. A comprehensive public health programme to reduce dietary sodium intake and increase intake of fruit and vegetables is warranted. MDPI 2015-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC4663567/ /pubmed/26516912 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7115439 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
McLean, Rachael
Edmonds, Julia
Williams, Sheila
Mann, Jim
Skeaff, Sheila
Balancing Sodium and Potassium: Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample
title Balancing Sodium and Potassium: Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample
title_full Balancing Sodium and Potassium: Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample
title_fullStr Balancing Sodium and Potassium: Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample
title_full_unstemmed Balancing Sodium and Potassium: Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample
title_short Balancing Sodium and Potassium: Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample
title_sort balancing sodium and potassium: estimates of intake in a new zealand adult population sample
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4663567/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26516912
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu7115439
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