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Neuroinflammation in motor neuron disease
Increasing evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is not restricted to the neurons but attributed to the abnormal interactions of neurons and surrounding glial and lymphoid cells. These findings led to the concept of non-ce...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nagoya University
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664586/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26663933 |
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author | Komine, Okiru Yamanaka, Koji |
author_facet | Komine, Okiru Yamanaka, Koji |
author_sort | Komine, Okiru |
collection | PubMed |
description | Increasing evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is not restricted to the neurons but attributed to the abnormal interactions of neurons and surrounding glial and lymphoid cells. These findings led to the concept of non-cell autonomous neurodegeneration. Neuroinflammation, which is mediated by activated glial cells and infiltrated lymphocytes and accompanied by the subsequent production of proinflammatory cytokines and neurotoxic or neuroprotective molecules, is characteristic to the pathology in ALS and is a key component for non-cell autonomous neurodegeneration. This review covers the involvement of microglia and astrocytes in the ALS mouse models and human ALS, and it also covers the deregulated pathways in motor neurons, which are involved in initiating the disease. Based on the cell-type specific pathomechanisms of motor neuron disease, targeting of neuroinflammation could lead to future therapeutic strategies for ALS and could be potentially applied to other neurodegenerative diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4664586 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Nagoya University |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46645862015-12-09 Neuroinflammation in motor neuron disease Komine, Okiru Yamanaka, Koji Nagoya J Med Sci Invited Review Article Increasing evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is not restricted to the neurons but attributed to the abnormal interactions of neurons and surrounding glial and lymphoid cells. These findings led to the concept of non-cell autonomous neurodegeneration. Neuroinflammation, which is mediated by activated glial cells and infiltrated lymphocytes and accompanied by the subsequent production of proinflammatory cytokines and neurotoxic or neuroprotective molecules, is characteristic to the pathology in ALS and is a key component for non-cell autonomous neurodegeneration. This review covers the involvement of microglia and astrocytes in the ALS mouse models and human ALS, and it also covers the deregulated pathways in motor neurons, which are involved in initiating the disease. Based on the cell-type specific pathomechanisms of motor neuron disease, targeting of neuroinflammation could lead to future therapeutic strategies for ALS and could be potentially applied to other neurodegenerative diseases. Nagoya University 2015-11 /pmc/articles/PMC4664586/ /pubmed/26663933 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. To view the details of this license, please visit (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Invited Review Article Komine, Okiru Yamanaka, Koji Neuroinflammation in motor neuron disease |
title | Neuroinflammation in motor neuron disease |
title_full | Neuroinflammation in motor neuron disease |
title_fullStr | Neuroinflammation in motor neuron disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Neuroinflammation in motor neuron disease |
title_short | Neuroinflammation in motor neuron disease |
title_sort | neuroinflammation in motor neuron disease |
topic | Invited Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4664586/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26663933 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT komineokiru neuroinflammationinmotorneurondisease AT yamanakakoji neuroinflammationinmotorneurondisease |