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Aedes aegypti has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Dengue fever, the most prevalent global arboviral disease, represents an important public health problem in Indonesia. Control of dengue relies on the control of its main vector, the mosquito Aedes aegypti, yet nothing is known about the population history and genetic structure of this i...

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Autores principales: Rašić, Gordana, Endersby-Harshman, Nancy, Tantowijoyo, Warsito, Goundar, Anjali, White, Vanessa, Yang, Qiong, Filipović, Igor, Johnson, Petrina, Hoffmann, Ary A., Arguni, Eggi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4666043/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26627473
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-1230-6
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author Rašić, Gordana
Endersby-Harshman, Nancy
Tantowijoyo, Warsito
Goundar, Anjali
White, Vanessa
Yang, Qiong
Filipović, Igor
Johnson, Petrina
Hoffmann, Ary A.
Arguni, Eggi
author_facet Rašić, Gordana
Endersby-Harshman, Nancy
Tantowijoyo, Warsito
Goundar, Anjali
White, Vanessa
Yang, Qiong
Filipović, Igor
Johnson, Petrina
Hoffmann, Ary A.
Arguni, Eggi
author_sort Rašić, Gordana
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Dengue fever, the most prevalent global arboviral disease, represents an important public health problem in Indonesia. Control of dengue relies on the control of its main vector, the mosquito Aedes aegypti, yet nothing is known about the population history and genetic structure of this insect in Indonesia. Our aim was to assess the spatio-temporal population genetic structure of Ae. aegypti in Yogyakarta, a densely populated region on Java with common dengue outbreaks. METHODS: We used multiple marker systems (microsatellites, nuclear and mitochondrial genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms generated via Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing) to analyze 979 Ae. aegypti individuals collected from the Yogyakarta city and the surrounding hamlets during the wet season in 2011 and the following dry season in 2012. We employed individual- and group-based approaches for inferring genetic structure. RESULTS: We found that Ae. aegypti in Yogyakarta has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations. The spatial structuring was significant for the nuclear and mitochondrial markers, while the temporal structuring was non-significant. Nuclear markers identified three main genetic clusters, showing that hamlets have greater genetic isolation from each other and from the inner city sites. However, one hamlet experienced unrestricted mosquito interbreeding with the inner city, forming a single genetic cluster. Genetic distance was poorly correlated with the spatial distance among mosquito samples, suggesting stronger influence of human-assisted gene flow than active mosquito movement on spatial genetic structure. A star-shaped mitochondrial haplotype network and a significant R(2) test statistic (R(2) = 0.0187, P = 0.001) support the hypothesis that Ae. aegypti in Yogyakarta originated from a small or homogeneous source and has undergone a relatively recent demographic expansion. CONCLUSION: We report the first insights into the spatio-temporal genetic structure and the underlying processes in the dengue fever mosquito from Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Our results provide valuable information on the effectiveness of local control measures as well as guidelines for the implementation of novel biocontrol strategies such as release of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1230-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-46660432015-12-02 Aedes aegypti has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Rašić, Gordana Endersby-Harshman, Nancy Tantowijoyo, Warsito Goundar, Anjali White, Vanessa Yang, Qiong Filipović, Igor Johnson, Petrina Hoffmann, Ary A. Arguni, Eggi Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Dengue fever, the most prevalent global arboviral disease, represents an important public health problem in Indonesia. Control of dengue relies on the control of its main vector, the mosquito Aedes aegypti, yet nothing is known about the population history and genetic structure of this insect in Indonesia. Our aim was to assess the spatio-temporal population genetic structure of Ae. aegypti in Yogyakarta, a densely populated region on Java with common dengue outbreaks. METHODS: We used multiple marker systems (microsatellites, nuclear and mitochondrial genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms generated via Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing) to analyze 979 Ae. aegypti individuals collected from the Yogyakarta city and the surrounding hamlets during the wet season in 2011 and the following dry season in 2012. We employed individual- and group-based approaches for inferring genetic structure. RESULTS: We found that Ae. aegypti in Yogyakarta has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations. The spatial structuring was significant for the nuclear and mitochondrial markers, while the temporal structuring was non-significant. Nuclear markers identified three main genetic clusters, showing that hamlets have greater genetic isolation from each other and from the inner city sites. However, one hamlet experienced unrestricted mosquito interbreeding with the inner city, forming a single genetic cluster. Genetic distance was poorly correlated with the spatial distance among mosquito samples, suggesting stronger influence of human-assisted gene flow than active mosquito movement on spatial genetic structure. A star-shaped mitochondrial haplotype network and a significant R(2) test statistic (R(2) = 0.0187, P = 0.001) support the hypothesis that Ae. aegypti in Yogyakarta originated from a small or homogeneous source and has undergone a relatively recent demographic expansion. CONCLUSION: We report the first insights into the spatio-temporal genetic structure and the underlying processes in the dengue fever mosquito from Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Our results provide valuable information on the effectiveness of local control measures as well as guidelines for the implementation of novel biocontrol strategies such as release of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1230-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2015-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4666043/ /pubmed/26627473 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-1230-6 Text en © Rašić et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Rašić, Gordana
Endersby-Harshman, Nancy
Tantowijoyo, Warsito
Goundar, Anjali
White, Vanessa
Yang, Qiong
Filipović, Igor
Johnson, Petrina
Hoffmann, Ary A.
Arguni, Eggi
Aedes aegypti has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
title Aedes aegypti has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
title_full Aedes aegypti has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
title_fullStr Aedes aegypti has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
title_full_unstemmed Aedes aegypti has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
title_short Aedes aegypti has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
title_sort aedes aegypti has spatially structured and seasonally stable populations in yogyakarta, indonesia
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4666043/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26627473
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-1230-6
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