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Inferring muscular ground patterns in Bivalvia: Myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus

BACKGROUND: Myogenesis is currently investigated in a number of invertebrate taxa using combined techniques, including fluorescence labeling, confocal microscopy, and 3D imaging, in order to understand anatomical and functional issues and to contribute to evolutionary questions. Although development...

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Autores principales: Audino, Jorge A., Marian, José Eduardo A. R., Kristof, Alen, Wanninger, Andreas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4668623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26635889
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-015-0125-x
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author Audino, Jorge A.
Marian, José Eduardo A. R.
Kristof, Alen
Wanninger, Andreas
author_facet Audino, Jorge A.
Marian, José Eduardo A. R.
Kristof, Alen
Wanninger, Andreas
author_sort Audino, Jorge A.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Myogenesis is currently investigated in a number of invertebrate taxa using combined techniques, including fluorescence labeling, confocal microscopy, and 3D imaging, in order to understand anatomical and functional issues and to contribute to evolutionary questions. Although developmental studies on the gross morphology of bivalves have been extensively pursued, organogenesis including muscle development has been scarcely investigated so far. RESULTS: The present study describes in detail myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus (Linnaeus, 1758) during larval and postmetamorphic stages by means of light, electron, and confocal microscopy. The veliger muscle system consists of an anterior adductor muscle, as well as four branched pairs of striated velum retractors and two pairs of striated ventral larval retractors. The pediveliger stage exhibits a considerably elaborated musculature comprising the velum retractors, the future adult foot retractor, mantle (pallial) muscles, and the anterior and posterior adductors, both composed of smooth and striated portions. During metamorphosis, all larval retractors together with the anterior adductor degenerate, resulting in the adult monomyarian condition, whereby the posterior adductor retains both myofiber types. Three muscle groups, i.e., the posterior adductor, foot retractor, and pallial muscles, have their origin prior to metamorphosis and are subsequently remodeled. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest a dimyarian condition (i.e., the presence of an anterior and a posterior adductor in the adult) as the basal condition for pectinids. Comparative analysis of myogenesis across Bivalvia strongly argues for ontogenetic and evolutionary independence of larval retractors from the adult musculature, as well as a complex set of larval retractor muscles in the last common bivalve ancestor. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12983-015-0125-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-46686232015-12-04 Inferring muscular ground patterns in Bivalvia: Myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus Audino, Jorge A. Marian, José Eduardo A. R. Kristof, Alen Wanninger, Andreas Front Zool Research BACKGROUND: Myogenesis is currently investigated in a number of invertebrate taxa using combined techniques, including fluorescence labeling, confocal microscopy, and 3D imaging, in order to understand anatomical and functional issues and to contribute to evolutionary questions. Although developmental studies on the gross morphology of bivalves have been extensively pursued, organogenesis including muscle development has been scarcely investigated so far. RESULTS: The present study describes in detail myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus (Linnaeus, 1758) during larval and postmetamorphic stages by means of light, electron, and confocal microscopy. The veliger muscle system consists of an anterior adductor muscle, as well as four branched pairs of striated velum retractors and two pairs of striated ventral larval retractors. The pediveliger stage exhibits a considerably elaborated musculature comprising the velum retractors, the future adult foot retractor, mantle (pallial) muscles, and the anterior and posterior adductors, both composed of smooth and striated portions. During metamorphosis, all larval retractors together with the anterior adductor degenerate, resulting in the adult monomyarian condition, whereby the posterior adductor retains both myofiber types. Three muscle groups, i.e., the posterior adductor, foot retractor, and pallial muscles, have their origin prior to metamorphosis and are subsequently remodeled. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest a dimyarian condition (i.e., the presence of an anterior and a posterior adductor in the adult) as the basal condition for pectinids. Comparative analysis of myogenesis across Bivalvia strongly argues for ontogenetic and evolutionary independence of larval retractors from the adult musculature, as well as a complex set of larval retractor muscles in the last common bivalve ancestor. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12983-015-0125-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2015-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4668623/ /pubmed/26635889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-015-0125-x Text en © Audino et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Audino, Jorge A.
Marian, José Eduardo A. R.
Kristof, Alen
Wanninger, Andreas
Inferring muscular ground patterns in Bivalvia: Myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus
title Inferring muscular ground patterns in Bivalvia: Myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus
title_full Inferring muscular ground patterns in Bivalvia: Myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus
title_fullStr Inferring muscular ground patterns in Bivalvia: Myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus
title_full_unstemmed Inferring muscular ground patterns in Bivalvia: Myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus
title_short Inferring muscular ground patterns in Bivalvia: Myogenesis in the scallop Nodipecten nodosus
title_sort inferring muscular ground patterns in bivalvia: myogenesis in the scallop nodipecten nodosus
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4668623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26635889
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-015-0125-x
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