Cargando…

The Influence of Socio-economic, Behavioural and Environmental Factors on Taenia spp. Transmission in Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Humans and Pigs

Taenia spp. infections, particularly cysticercosis, cause considerable health impacts in endemic countries. Despite previous evidence of spatial clustering in cysticercosis and the role of environmental factors (e.g. temperature and humidity) in the survival of eggs, little research has explored the...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wardrop, Nicola A., Thomas, Lian F., Atkinson, Peter M., de Glanville, William A., Cook, Elizabeth A. J., Wamae, C. Njeri, Gabriël, Sarah, Dorny, Pierre, Harrison, Leslie J. S., Fèvre, Eric M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4671581/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26641459
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004223
_version_ 1782404420593516544
author Wardrop, Nicola A.
Thomas, Lian F.
Atkinson, Peter M.
de Glanville, William A.
Cook, Elizabeth A. J.
Wamae, C. Njeri
Gabriël, Sarah
Dorny, Pierre
Harrison, Leslie J. S.
Fèvre, Eric M.
author_facet Wardrop, Nicola A.
Thomas, Lian F.
Atkinson, Peter M.
de Glanville, William A.
Cook, Elizabeth A. J.
Wamae, C. Njeri
Gabriël, Sarah
Dorny, Pierre
Harrison, Leslie J. S.
Fèvre, Eric M.
author_sort Wardrop, Nicola A.
collection PubMed
description Taenia spp. infections, particularly cysticercosis, cause considerable health impacts in endemic countries. Despite previous evidence of spatial clustering in cysticercosis and the role of environmental factors (e.g. temperature and humidity) in the survival of eggs, little research has explored these aspects of Taenia spp. epidemiology. In addition, there are significant gaps in our understanding of risk factors for infection in humans and pigs. This study aimed to assess the influence of socio-economic, behavioural and environmental variables on human and porcine cysticercosis. A cross-sectional survey for human taeniasis (T. solium and T. saginata), human cysticercosis (T. solium) and pig cysticercosis (T. solium) in 416 households in western Kenya was carried out. These data were linked to questionnaire responses and environmental datasets. Multi-level regression was used to examine the relationships between covariates and human and porcine cysticercosis. The HP10 Ag-ELISA sero-prevalence (suggestive of cysticercosis) was 6.6% for humans (95% CI 5.6%–7.7%), and 17.2% for pigs (95% CI 10.2%–26.4%). Human taeniasis prevalence, based on direct microscopic observation of Taenia spp. eggs (i.e. via microscopy results only) was 0.2% (95% CI 0.05%–0.5%). Presence of Taenia spp. antigen in both humans and pigs was significantly associated with a range of factors, including positive correlations with land cover. The presence of HP10 antigen in humans was correlated (non-linearly) with the proportion of land within a 1 km buffer that was flooding agricultural land and grassland (odds ratio [OR] = 1.09 and 0.998; p = 0.03 and 0.03 for the linear and quadratic terms respectively), gender (OR = 0.58 for males compared to females, p = 0.02), level of education (OR = 0.62 for primary level education versus no formal education, p = 0.09), use of well water for drinking (OR = 2.76 for those who use well water versus those who do not, p = 0.02) and precipitation (OR = 0.998, p = 0.02). Presence of Taenia spp. antigen in pigs was significantly correlated with gender and breeding status of the pig (OR = 10.35 for breeding sows compared to boars, p = 0.01), and the proportion of land within a 1 km buffer that was flooding agricultural land and grassland (OR = 1.04, p = 0.004). These results highlight the role of multiple socio-economic, behavioural and environmental factors in Taenia spp. transmission patterns. Environmental contamination with Taenia spp. eggs is a key issue, with landscape factors influencing presence of Taenia spp. antigens in both pigs and humans.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4671581
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-46715812015-12-10 The Influence of Socio-economic, Behavioural and Environmental Factors on Taenia spp. Transmission in Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Humans and Pigs Wardrop, Nicola A. Thomas, Lian F. Atkinson, Peter M. de Glanville, William A. Cook, Elizabeth A. J. Wamae, C. Njeri Gabriël, Sarah Dorny, Pierre Harrison, Leslie J. S. Fèvre, Eric M. PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article Taenia spp. infections, particularly cysticercosis, cause considerable health impacts in endemic countries. Despite previous evidence of spatial clustering in cysticercosis and the role of environmental factors (e.g. temperature and humidity) in the survival of eggs, little research has explored these aspects of Taenia spp. epidemiology. In addition, there are significant gaps in our understanding of risk factors for infection in humans and pigs. This study aimed to assess the influence of socio-economic, behavioural and environmental variables on human and porcine cysticercosis. A cross-sectional survey for human taeniasis (T. solium and T. saginata), human cysticercosis (T. solium) and pig cysticercosis (T. solium) in 416 households in western Kenya was carried out. These data were linked to questionnaire responses and environmental datasets. Multi-level regression was used to examine the relationships between covariates and human and porcine cysticercosis. The HP10 Ag-ELISA sero-prevalence (suggestive of cysticercosis) was 6.6% for humans (95% CI 5.6%–7.7%), and 17.2% for pigs (95% CI 10.2%–26.4%). Human taeniasis prevalence, based on direct microscopic observation of Taenia spp. eggs (i.e. via microscopy results only) was 0.2% (95% CI 0.05%–0.5%). Presence of Taenia spp. antigen in both humans and pigs was significantly associated with a range of factors, including positive correlations with land cover. The presence of HP10 antigen in humans was correlated (non-linearly) with the proportion of land within a 1 km buffer that was flooding agricultural land and grassland (odds ratio [OR] = 1.09 and 0.998; p = 0.03 and 0.03 for the linear and quadratic terms respectively), gender (OR = 0.58 for males compared to females, p = 0.02), level of education (OR = 0.62 for primary level education versus no formal education, p = 0.09), use of well water for drinking (OR = 2.76 for those who use well water versus those who do not, p = 0.02) and precipitation (OR = 0.998, p = 0.02). Presence of Taenia spp. antigen in pigs was significantly correlated with gender and breeding status of the pig (OR = 10.35 for breeding sows compared to boars, p = 0.01), and the proportion of land within a 1 km buffer that was flooding agricultural land and grassland (OR = 1.04, p = 0.004). These results highlight the role of multiple socio-economic, behavioural and environmental factors in Taenia spp. transmission patterns. Environmental contamination with Taenia spp. eggs is a key issue, with landscape factors influencing presence of Taenia spp. antigens in both pigs and humans. Public Library of Science 2015-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4671581/ /pubmed/26641459 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004223 Text en © 2015 Wardrop et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Wardrop, Nicola A.
Thomas, Lian F.
Atkinson, Peter M.
de Glanville, William A.
Cook, Elizabeth A. J.
Wamae, C. Njeri
Gabriël, Sarah
Dorny, Pierre
Harrison, Leslie J. S.
Fèvre, Eric M.
The Influence of Socio-economic, Behavioural and Environmental Factors on Taenia spp. Transmission in Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Humans and Pigs
title The Influence of Socio-economic, Behavioural and Environmental Factors on Taenia spp. Transmission in Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Humans and Pigs
title_full The Influence of Socio-economic, Behavioural and Environmental Factors on Taenia spp. Transmission in Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Humans and Pigs
title_fullStr The Influence of Socio-economic, Behavioural and Environmental Factors on Taenia spp. Transmission in Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Humans and Pigs
title_full_unstemmed The Influence of Socio-economic, Behavioural and Environmental Factors on Taenia spp. Transmission in Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Humans and Pigs
title_short The Influence of Socio-economic, Behavioural and Environmental Factors on Taenia spp. Transmission in Western Kenya: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Humans and Pigs
title_sort influence of socio-economic, behavioural and environmental factors on taenia spp. transmission in western kenya: evidence from a cross-sectional survey in humans and pigs
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4671581/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26641459
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004223
work_keys_str_mv AT wardropnicolaa theinfluenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT thomaslianf theinfluenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT atkinsonpeterm theinfluenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT deglanvillewilliama theinfluenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT cookelizabethaj theinfluenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT wamaecnjeri theinfluenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT gabrielsarah theinfluenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT dornypierre theinfluenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT harrisonlesliejs theinfluenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT fevreericm theinfluenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT wardropnicolaa influenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT thomaslianf influenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT atkinsonpeterm influenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT deglanvillewilliama influenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT cookelizabethaj influenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT wamaecnjeri influenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT gabrielsarah influenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT dornypierre influenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT harrisonlesliejs influenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs
AT fevreericm influenceofsocioeconomicbehaviouralandenvironmentalfactorsontaeniaspptransmissioninwesternkenyaevidencefromacrosssectionalsurveyinhumansandpigs