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The cell biology of aging
One of the original hypotheses of organismal longevity posits that aging is the natural result of entropy on the cells, tissues, and organs of the animal—a slow, inexorable slide into nonfunctionality caused by stochastic degradation of its parts. We now have evidence that aging is instead at least...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society for Cell Biology
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4678010/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26668170 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E14-06-1084 |
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author | DiLoreto, Race Murphy, Coleen T. |
author_facet | DiLoreto, Race Murphy, Coleen T. |
author_sort | DiLoreto, Race |
collection | PubMed |
description | One of the original hypotheses of organismal longevity posits that aging is the natural result of entropy on the cells, tissues, and organs of the animal—a slow, inexorable slide into nonfunctionality caused by stochastic degradation of its parts. We now have evidence that aging is instead at least in part genetically regulated. Many mutations have been discovered to extend lifespan in organisms of all complexities, from yeast to mammals. The study of metazoan model organisms, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, has been instrumental in understanding the role of genetics in the cell biology of aging. Longevity mutants across the spectrum of model organisms demonstrate that rates of aging are regulated through genetic control of cellular processes. The regulation and subsequent breakdown of cellular processes represent a programmatic decision by the cell to either continue or abandon maintenance procedures with age. Our understanding of cell biological processes involved in regulating aging have been particularly informed by longevity mutants and treatments, such as reduced insulin/IGF-1 signaling and dietary restriction, which are critical in determining the distinction between causes of and responses to aging and have revealed a set of downstream targets that participate in a range of cell biological activities. Here we briefly review some of these important cellular processes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4678010 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | The American Society for Cell Biology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46780102016-03-01 The cell biology of aging DiLoreto, Race Murphy, Coleen T. Mol Biol Cell Perspectives One of the original hypotheses of organismal longevity posits that aging is the natural result of entropy on the cells, tissues, and organs of the animal—a slow, inexorable slide into nonfunctionality caused by stochastic degradation of its parts. We now have evidence that aging is instead at least in part genetically regulated. Many mutations have been discovered to extend lifespan in organisms of all complexities, from yeast to mammals. The study of metazoan model organisms, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, has been instrumental in understanding the role of genetics in the cell biology of aging. Longevity mutants across the spectrum of model organisms demonstrate that rates of aging are regulated through genetic control of cellular processes. The regulation and subsequent breakdown of cellular processes represent a programmatic decision by the cell to either continue or abandon maintenance procedures with age. Our understanding of cell biological processes involved in regulating aging have been particularly informed by longevity mutants and treatments, such as reduced insulin/IGF-1 signaling and dietary restriction, which are critical in determining the distinction between causes of and responses to aging and have revealed a set of downstream targets that participate in a range of cell biological activities. Here we briefly review some of these important cellular processes. The American Society for Cell Biology 2015-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4678010/ /pubmed/26668170 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E14-06-1084 Text en © 2015 DiLoreto and Murphy. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0). “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society for Cell Biology. |
spellingShingle | Perspectives DiLoreto, Race Murphy, Coleen T. The cell biology of aging |
title | The cell biology of aging |
title_full | The cell biology of aging |
title_fullStr | The cell biology of aging |
title_full_unstemmed | The cell biology of aging |
title_short | The cell biology of aging |
title_sort | cell biology of aging |
topic | Perspectives |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4678010/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26668170 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E14-06-1084 |
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