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Intracellular chloride concentration of the mouse vomeronasal neuron

BACKGROUND: The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is specialized in detecting pheromone and heterospecific cues in the environment. Recent studies demonstrate the involvement of multiple ion channels in VNO signal transduction, including the calcium-activated chloride channels (CACCs). Opening of CACCs appear...

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Autores principales: Kim, SangSeong, Ma, Limei, Unruh, Jay, McKinney, Sean, Yu, C. Ron
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4678706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26667019
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12868-015-0230-y
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author Kim, SangSeong
Ma, Limei
Unruh, Jay
McKinney, Sean
Yu, C. Ron
author_facet Kim, SangSeong
Ma, Limei
Unruh, Jay
McKinney, Sean
Yu, C. Ron
author_sort Kim, SangSeong
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is specialized in detecting pheromone and heterospecific cues in the environment. Recent studies demonstrate the involvement of multiple ion channels in VNO signal transduction, including the calcium-activated chloride channels (CACCs). Opening of CACCs appears to result in activation of VNO neuron through outflow of Cl(−) ions. However, the intracellular Cl(−) concentration remains undetermined. RESULTS: We used the chloride ion quenching dye, MQAE, to measure the intracellular Cl(−) concentration of VNO neuron in live VNO slices. The resting Cl(−) concentration in the VNO neurons is measured at 84.73 mM. Urine activation of the VNO neurons causes a drop in Cl(−) concentration, consistent with the notion of an efflux of Cl(−) to depolarize the cells. Similar observation is made for VNO neurons from mice with deletion of the transient receptor potential canonical channel 2 (TRPC2), which have a resting Cl(−) concentrations at 81 mM. CONCLUSIONS: The VNO neurons rest at high intracellular Cl(−) concentration, which can lead to depolarization of the cell when chloride channels open. These results also provide additional support of TRPC2-independent pathway of VNO activation.
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spelling pubmed-46787062015-12-16 Intracellular chloride concentration of the mouse vomeronasal neuron Kim, SangSeong Ma, Limei Unruh, Jay McKinney, Sean Yu, C. Ron BMC Neurosci Research Article BACKGROUND: The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is specialized in detecting pheromone and heterospecific cues in the environment. Recent studies demonstrate the involvement of multiple ion channels in VNO signal transduction, including the calcium-activated chloride channels (CACCs). Opening of CACCs appears to result in activation of VNO neuron through outflow of Cl(−) ions. However, the intracellular Cl(−) concentration remains undetermined. RESULTS: We used the chloride ion quenching dye, MQAE, to measure the intracellular Cl(−) concentration of VNO neuron in live VNO slices. The resting Cl(−) concentration in the VNO neurons is measured at 84.73 mM. Urine activation of the VNO neurons causes a drop in Cl(−) concentration, consistent with the notion of an efflux of Cl(−) to depolarize the cells. Similar observation is made for VNO neurons from mice with deletion of the transient receptor potential canonical channel 2 (TRPC2), which have a resting Cl(−) concentrations at 81 mM. CONCLUSIONS: The VNO neurons rest at high intracellular Cl(−) concentration, which can lead to depolarization of the cell when chloride channels open. These results also provide additional support of TRPC2-independent pathway of VNO activation. BioMed Central 2015-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4678706/ /pubmed/26667019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12868-015-0230-y Text en © Kim et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kim, SangSeong
Ma, Limei
Unruh, Jay
McKinney, Sean
Yu, C. Ron
Intracellular chloride concentration of the mouse vomeronasal neuron
title Intracellular chloride concentration of the mouse vomeronasal neuron
title_full Intracellular chloride concentration of the mouse vomeronasal neuron
title_fullStr Intracellular chloride concentration of the mouse vomeronasal neuron
title_full_unstemmed Intracellular chloride concentration of the mouse vomeronasal neuron
title_short Intracellular chloride concentration of the mouse vomeronasal neuron
title_sort intracellular chloride concentration of the mouse vomeronasal neuron
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4678706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26667019
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12868-015-0230-y
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