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Marine Metagenome as A Resource for Novel Enzymes

More than 99% of identified prokaryotes, including many from the marine environment, cannot be cultured in the laboratory. This lack of capability restricts our knowledge of microbial genetics and community ecology. Metagenomics, the culture-independent cloning of environmental DNAs that are isolate...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Alma’abadi, Amani D., Gojobori, Takashi, Mineta, Katsuhiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4678775/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26563467
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2015.10.001
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author Alma’abadi, Amani D.
Gojobori, Takashi
Mineta, Katsuhiko
author_facet Alma’abadi, Amani D.
Gojobori, Takashi
Mineta, Katsuhiko
author_sort Alma’abadi, Amani D.
collection PubMed
description More than 99% of identified prokaryotes, including many from the marine environment, cannot be cultured in the laboratory. This lack of capability restricts our knowledge of microbial genetics and community ecology. Metagenomics, the culture-independent cloning of environmental DNAs that are isolated directly from an environmental sample, has already provided a wealth of information about the uncultured microbial world. It has also facilitated the discovery of novel biocatalysts by allowing researchers to probe directly into a huge diversity of enzymes within natural microbial communities. Recent advances in these studies have led to a great interest in recruiting microbial enzymes for the development of environmentally-friendly industry. Although the metagenomics approach has many limitations, it is expected to provide not only scientific insights but also economic benefits, especially in industry. This review highlights the importance of metagenomics in mining microbial lipases, as an example, by using high-throughput techniques. In addition, we discuss challenges in the metagenomics as an important part of bioinformatics analysis in big data.
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spelling pubmed-46787752016-01-06 Marine Metagenome as A Resource for Novel Enzymes Alma’abadi, Amani D. Gojobori, Takashi Mineta, Katsuhiko Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics Review More than 99% of identified prokaryotes, including many from the marine environment, cannot be cultured in the laboratory. This lack of capability restricts our knowledge of microbial genetics and community ecology. Metagenomics, the culture-independent cloning of environmental DNAs that are isolated directly from an environmental sample, has already provided a wealth of information about the uncultured microbial world. It has also facilitated the discovery of novel biocatalysts by allowing researchers to probe directly into a huge diversity of enzymes within natural microbial communities. Recent advances in these studies have led to a great interest in recruiting microbial enzymes for the development of environmentally-friendly industry. Although the metagenomics approach has many limitations, it is expected to provide not only scientific insights but also economic benefits, especially in industry. This review highlights the importance of metagenomics in mining microbial lipases, as an example, by using high-throughput techniques. In addition, we discuss challenges in the metagenomics as an important part of bioinformatics analysis in big data. Elsevier 2015-10 2015-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4678775/ /pubmed/26563467 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2015.10.001 Text en © 2015 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Alma’abadi, Amani D.
Gojobori, Takashi
Mineta, Katsuhiko
Marine Metagenome as A Resource for Novel Enzymes
title Marine Metagenome as A Resource for Novel Enzymes
title_full Marine Metagenome as A Resource for Novel Enzymes
title_fullStr Marine Metagenome as A Resource for Novel Enzymes
title_full_unstemmed Marine Metagenome as A Resource for Novel Enzymes
title_short Marine Metagenome as A Resource for Novel Enzymes
title_sort marine metagenome as a resource for novel enzymes
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4678775/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26563467
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2015.10.001
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