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Genetic and environmental aetiology of the dimensions of Callous-Unemotional traits

BACKGROUND: A Callous-Unemotional trait specifier (termed ‘Limited Prosocial Emotions’) was added to the diagnosis of conduct disorder in DSM-5. The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) is a comprehensive measure of these traits assessing three distinct, yet correlated dimensions – Callousn...

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Autores principales: Henry, J., Pingault, J.-B., Boivin, M., Rijsdijk, F., Viding, E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4682480/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26456336
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715001919
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author Henry, J.
Pingault, J.-B.
Boivin, M.
Rijsdijk, F.
Viding, E.
author_facet Henry, J.
Pingault, J.-B.
Boivin, M.
Rijsdijk, F.
Viding, E.
author_sort Henry, J.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: A Callous-Unemotional trait specifier (termed ‘Limited Prosocial Emotions’) was added to the diagnosis of conduct disorder in DSM-5. The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) is a comprehensive measure of these traits assessing three distinct, yet correlated dimensions – Callousness, Uncaring, and Unemotional – all thought to reflect the general Callous-Unemotional construct. The present study was the first to examine the degree to which the aetiology of these dimensions is shared v. independent. METHOD: Parent-reported ICU data from 5092 16-year-old twin pairs from the Twins Early Development Study were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis. Multivariate genetic modelling was applied to the best-fitting structure. RESULTS: A general-specific structure, retaining a general factor and two uncorrelated specific factors (Callousness-Uncaring, Unemotional), provided the best fit to the data. The general factor was substantially heritable (h(2) = 0.58, 95% CI 0.51–0.65). Unusually, shared environmental influences were also important in accounting for this general factor (c(2) = 0.26, 95% CI 0.22–0.31), in addition to non-shared environmental influences. The Unemotional dimension appeared phenotypically and genetically distinct as shown by the substantial loadings of unemotional items on a separate dimension and a low genetic correlation between Unemotional and Callousness-Uncaring. CONCLUSIONS: A general factor, indicative of a shared phenotypic structure across the dimensions of the ICU was under substantial common genetic and more modest shared environment influences. Our findings also suggest that the relevance of the Unemotional dimension as part of a comprehensive assessment of CU traits should be investigated further.
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spelling pubmed-46824802015-12-22 Genetic and environmental aetiology of the dimensions of Callous-Unemotional traits Henry, J. Pingault, J.-B. Boivin, M. Rijsdijk, F. Viding, E. Psychol Med Original Articles BACKGROUND: A Callous-Unemotional trait specifier (termed ‘Limited Prosocial Emotions’) was added to the diagnosis of conduct disorder in DSM-5. The Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) is a comprehensive measure of these traits assessing three distinct, yet correlated dimensions – Callousness, Uncaring, and Unemotional – all thought to reflect the general Callous-Unemotional construct. The present study was the first to examine the degree to which the aetiology of these dimensions is shared v. independent. METHOD: Parent-reported ICU data from 5092 16-year-old twin pairs from the Twins Early Development Study were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis. Multivariate genetic modelling was applied to the best-fitting structure. RESULTS: A general-specific structure, retaining a general factor and two uncorrelated specific factors (Callousness-Uncaring, Unemotional), provided the best fit to the data. The general factor was substantially heritable (h(2) = 0.58, 95% CI 0.51–0.65). Unusually, shared environmental influences were also important in accounting for this general factor (c(2) = 0.26, 95% CI 0.22–0.31), in addition to non-shared environmental influences. The Unemotional dimension appeared phenotypically and genetically distinct as shown by the substantial loadings of unemotional items on a separate dimension and a low genetic correlation between Unemotional and Callousness-Uncaring. CONCLUSIONS: A general factor, indicative of a shared phenotypic structure across the dimensions of the ICU was under substantial common genetic and more modest shared environment influences. Our findings also suggest that the relevance of the Unemotional dimension as part of a comprehensive assessment of CU traits should be investigated further. Cambridge University Press 2016-01 2015-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4682480/ /pubmed/26456336 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715001919 Text en © Cambridge University Press 2015 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Henry, J.
Pingault, J.-B.
Boivin, M.
Rijsdijk, F.
Viding, E.
Genetic and environmental aetiology of the dimensions of Callous-Unemotional traits
title Genetic and environmental aetiology of the dimensions of Callous-Unemotional traits
title_full Genetic and environmental aetiology of the dimensions of Callous-Unemotional traits
title_fullStr Genetic and environmental aetiology of the dimensions of Callous-Unemotional traits
title_full_unstemmed Genetic and environmental aetiology of the dimensions of Callous-Unemotional traits
title_short Genetic and environmental aetiology of the dimensions of Callous-Unemotional traits
title_sort genetic and environmental aetiology of the dimensions of callous-unemotional traits
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4682480/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26456336
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715001919
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