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Five Years of Experimental Warming Increases the Biodiversity and Productivity of Phytoplankton
Phytoplankton are key components of aquatic ecosystems, fixing CO(2) from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and supporting secondary production, yet relatively little is known about how future global warming might alter their biodiversity and associated ecosystem functioning. Here, we explore ho...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4682994/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26680314 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002324 |
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author | Yvon-Durocher, Gabriel Allen, Andrew P. Cellamare, Maria Dossena, Matteo Gaston, Kevin J. Leitao, Maria Montoya, José M. Reuman, Daniel C. Woodward, Guy Trimmer, Mark |
author_facet | Yvon-Durocher, Gabriel Allen, Andrew P. Cellamare, Maria Dossena, Matteo Gaston, Kevin J. Leitao, Maria Montoya, José M. Reuman, Daniel C. Woodward, Guy Trimmer, Mark |
author_sort | Yvon-Durocher, Gabriel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Phytoplankton are key components of aquatic ecosystems, fixing CO(2) from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and supporting secondary production, yet relatively little is known about how future global warming might alter their biodiversity and associated ecosystem functioning. Here, we explore how the structure, function, and biodiversity of a planktonic metacommunity was altered after five years of experimental warming. Our outdoor mesocosm experiment was open to natural dispersal from the regional species pool, allowing us to explore the effects of experimental warming in the context of metacommunity dynamics. Warming of 4°C led to a 67% increase in the species richness of the phytoplankton, more evenly-distributed abundance, and higher rates of gross primary productivity. Warming elevated productivity indirectly, by increasing the biodiversity and biomass of the local phytoplankton communities. Warming also systematically shifted the taxonomic and functional trait composition of the phytoplankton, favoring large, colonial, inedible phytoplankton taxa, suggesting stronger top-down control, mediated by zooplankton grazing played an important role. Overall, our findings suggest that temperature can modulate species coexistence, and through such mechanisms, global warming could, in some cases, increase the species richness and productivity of phytoplankton communities. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4682994 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46829942015-12-31 Five Years of Experimental Warming Increases the Biodiversity and Productivity of Phytoplankton Yvon-Durocher, Gabriel Allen, Andrew P. Cellamare, Maria Dossena, Matteo Gaston, Kevin J. Leitao, Maria Montoya, José M. Reuman, Daniel C. Woodward, Guy Trimmer, Mark PLoS Biol Research Article Phytoplankton are key components of aquatic ecosystems, fixing CO(2) from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and supporting secondary production, yet relatively little is known about how future global warming might alter their biodiversity and associated ecosystem functioning. Here, we explore how the structure, function, and biodiversity of a planktonic metacommunity was altered after five years of experimental warming. Our outdoor mesocosm experiment was open to natural dispersal from the regional species pool, allowing us to explore the effects of experimental warming in the context of metacommunity dynamics. Warming of 4°C led to a 67% increase in the species richness of the phytoplankton, more evenly-distributed abundance, and higher rates of gross primary productivity. Warming elevated productivity indirectly, by increasing the biodiversity and biomass of the local phytoplankton communities. Warming also systematically shifted the taxonomic and functional trait composition of the phytoplankton, favoring large, colonial, inedible phytoplankton taxa, suggesting stronger top-down control, mediated by zooplankton grazing played an important role. Overall, our findings suggest that temperature can modulate species coexistence, and through such mechanisms, global warming could, in some cases, increase the species richness and productivity of phytoplankton communities. Public Library of Science 2015-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4682994/ /pubmed/26680314 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002324 Text en © 2015 Yvon-Durocher et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Yvon-Durocher, Gabriel Allen, Andrew P. Cellamare, Maria Dossena, Matteo Gaston, Kevin J. Leitao, Maria Montoya, José M. Reuman, Daniel C. Woodward, Guy Trimmer, Mark Five Years of Experimental Warming Increases the Biodiversity and Productivity of Phytoplankton |
title | Five Years of Experimental Warming Increases the Biodiversity and Productivity of Phytoplankton |
title_full | Five Years of Experimental Warming Increases the Biodiversity and Productivity of Phytoplankton |
title_fullStr | Five Years of Experimental Warming Increases the Biodiversity and Productivity of Phytoplankton |
title_full_unstemmed | Five Years of Experimental Warming Increases the Biodiversity and Productivity of Phytoplankton |
title_short | Five Years of Experimental Warming Increases the Biodiversity and Productivity of Phytoplankton |
title_sort | five years of experimental warming increases the biodiversity and productivity of phytoplankton |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4682994/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26680314 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002324 |
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