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Across-Time Change and Variation in Cultural Tightness-Looseness
Cultural tightness-looseness, a dimension which describes the strength, multitude, and clarity of social norms in a culture, has proved significant in explaining differences between cultures. Although several studies have compared different cultures on this domain, this study is the first that targe...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4684201/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26683813 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145213 |
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author | Mandel, Anne Realo, Anu |
author_facet | Mandel, Anne Realo, Anu |
author_sort | Mandel, Anne |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cultural tightness-looseness, a dimension which describes the strength, multitude, and clarity of social norms in a culture, has proved significant in explaining differences between cultures. Although several studies have compared different cultures on this domain, this study is the first that targets both within-country differences and across-time variation in tightness-looseness. Using data from two nationally representative samples of Estonians, we found that the general tightness level had changed over a period of 10 years but the effect size of the change was small. A significant within country variance in 2002 had disappeared by 2012. Our results suggest that tightness-looseness, similarly to cultural value orientations, is a relatively stable and robust characteristic of culture–that is, change indeed takes place, but slowly. Future studies about across-time change and within-country variance in tightness-looseness should target more culturally diverse and socially divided societies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4684201 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46842012015-12-31 Across-Time Change and Variation in Cultural Tightness-Looseness Mandel, Anne Realo, Anu PLoS One Research Article Cultural tightness-looseness, a dimension which describes the strength, multitude, and clarity of social norms in a culture, has proved significant in explaining differences between cultures. Although several studies have compared different cultures on this domain, this study is the first that targets both within-country differences and across-time variation in tightness-looseness. Using data from two nationally representative samples of Estonians, we found that the general tightness level had changed over a period of 10 years but the effect size of the change was small. A significant within country variance in 2002 had disappeared by 2012. Our results suggest that tightness-looseness, similarly to cultural value orientations, is a relatively stable and robust characteristic of culture–that is, change indeed takes place, but slowly. Future studies about across-time change and within-country variance in tightness-looseness should target more culturally diverse and socially divided societies. Public Library of Science 2015-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4684201/ /pubmed/26683813 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145213 Text en © 2015 Mandel, Realo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Mandel, Anne Realo, Anu Across-Time Change and Variation in Cultural Tightness-Looseness |
title | Across-Time Change and Variation in Cultural Tightness-Looseness |
title_full | Across-Time Change and Variation in Cultural Tightness-Looseness |
title_fullStr | Across-Time Change and Variation in Cultural Tightness-Looseness |
title_full_unstemmed | Across-Time Change and Variation in Cultural Tightness-Looseness |
title_short | Across-Time Change and Variation in Cultural Tightness-Looseness |
title_sort | across-time change and variation in cultural tightness-looseness |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4684201/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26683813 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145213 |
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