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Trafficking and Functions of Bioactive Sphingolipids: Lessons from Cells and Model Membranes
Ceramide and sphingosine and their phosphorylated counterparts are recognized as “bioactive sphingolipids” and modulate membrane integrity, the activity of enzymes, or act as ligands of G protein-coupled receptors. The subcellular distribution of the bioactive sphingolipids is central to their funct...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Libertas Academica
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4685176/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26715852 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/LPI.S31615 |
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author | Zhou, Kecheng Blom, Tomas |
author_facet | Zhou, Kecheng Blom, Tomas |
author_sort | Zhou, Kecheng |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ceramide and sphingosine and their phosphorylated counterparts are recognized as “bioactive sphingolipids” and modulate membrane integrity, the activity of enzymes, or act as ligands of G protein-coupled receptors. The subcellular distribution of the bioactive sphingolipids is central to their function as the same lipid can mediate diametrically opposite effects depending on its location. To ensure that these lipids are present in the right amount and in the appropriate organelles, cells employ selective lipid transport and compartmentalize sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes to characteristic subcellular sites. Our knowledge of key mechanisms involved in sphingolipid signaling and trafficking has increased substantially in the past decades—thanks to advances in biochemical and cell biological methods. In this review, we focus on the bioactive sphingolipids and discuss how the combination of studies in cells and in model membranes have contributed to our understanding of how they behave and function in living organisms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4685176 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Libertas Academica |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46851762015-12-29 Trafficking and Functions of Bioactive Sphingolipids: Lessons from Cells and Model Membranes Zhou, Kecheng Blom, Tomas Lipid Insights Review Ceramide and sphingosine and their phosphorylated counterparts are recognized as “bioactive sphingolipids” and modulate membrane integrity, the activity of enzymes, or act as ligands of G protein-coupled receptors. The subcellular distribution of the bioactive sphingolipids is central to their function as the same lipid can mediate diametrically opposite effects depending on its location. To ensure that these lipids are present in the right amount and in the appropriate organelles, cells employ selective lipid transport and compartmentalize sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes to characteristic subcellular sites. Our knowledge of key mechanisms involved in sphingolipid signaling and trafficking has increased substantially in the past decades—thanks to advances in biochemical and cell biological methods. In this review, we focus on the bioactive sphingolipids and discuss how the combination of studies in cells and in model membranes have contributed to our understanding of how they behave and function in living organisms. Libertas Academica 2015-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4685176/ /pubmed/26715852 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/LPI.S31615 Text en © 2015 the author(s), publisher and licensee Libertas Academica Ltd. This is an open access article published under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC 3.0 license. |
spellingShingle | Review Zhou, Kecheng Blom, Tomas Trafficking and Functions of Bioactive Sphingolipids: Lessons from Cells and Model Membranes |
title | Trafficking and Functions of Bioactive Sphingolipids: Lessons from Cells and Model Membranes |
title_full | Trafficking and Functions of Bioactive Sphingolipids: Lessons from Cells and Model Membranes |
title_fullStr | Trafficking and Functions of Bioactive Sphingolipids: Lessons from Cells and Model Membranes |
title_full_unstemmed | Trafficking and Functions of Bioactive Sphingolipids: Lessons from Cells and Model Membranes |
title_short | Trafficking and Functions of Bioactive Sphingolipids: Lessons from Cells and Model Membranes |
title_sort | trafficking and functions of bioactive sphingolipids: lessons from cells and model membranes |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4685176/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26715852 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/LPI.S31615 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT zhoukecheng traffickingandfunctionsofbioactivesphingolipidslessonsfromcellsandmodelmembranes AT blomtomas traffickingandfunctionsofbioactivesphingolipidslessonsfromcellsandmodelmembranes |