Cargando…
Global emergence of Alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) may cause severe emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, which pose a significant threat to human and animal health in the world today. These infectious diseases range from mild febrile illnesses, arthritis, and encephalitis to haemorrhagic fevers. It is p...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Co-Action Publishing
2015
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4685977/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26689654 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/iee.v5.29853 |
_version_ | 1782406382629158912 |
---|---|
author | Lwande, Olivia Wesula Obanda, Vincent Bucht, Göran Mosomtai, Gladys Otieno, Viola Ahlm, Clas Evander, Magnus |
author_facet | Lwande, Olivia Wesula Obanda, Vincent Bucht, Göran Mosomtai, Gladys Otieno, Viola Ahlm, Clas Evander, Magnus |
author_sort | Lwande, Olivia Wesula |
collection | PubMed |
description | Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) may cause severe emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, which pose a significant threat to human and animal health in the world today. These infectious diseases range from mild febrile illnesses, arthritis, and encephalitis to haemorrhagic fevers. It is postulated that certain environmental factors, vector competence, and host susceptibility have a major impact on the ecology of arboviral diseases. Presently, there is a great interest in the emergence of Alphaviruses because these viruses, including Chikungunya virus, O'nyong'nyong virus, Sindbis virus, Ross River virus, and Mayaro virus, have caused outbreaks in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and America. Some of these viruses are more common in the tropics, whereas others are also found in temperate regions, but the actual factors driving Alphavirus emergence and re-emergence remain unresolved. Furthermore, little is known about the transmission dynamics, pathophysiology, genetic diversity, and evolution of circulating viral strains. In addition, the clinical presentation of Alphaviruses may be similar to other diseases such as dengue, malaria, and typhoid, hence leading to misdiagnosis. However, the typical presence of arthritis may distinguish between Alphaviruses and other differential diagnoses. The absence of validated diagnostic kits for Alphaviruses makes even routine surveillance less feasible. For that purpose, this review describes the occurrence, genetic diversity, clinical characteristics, and the mechanisms involving Alphaviruses causing arthritis in humans. This information may serve as a basis for better awareness and detection of Alphavirus-caused diseases during outbreaks and in establishing appropriate prevention and control measures. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4685977 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Co-Action Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46859772016-01-15 Global emergence of Alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans Lwande, Olivia Wesula Obanda, Vincent Bucht, Göran Mosomtai, Gladys Otieno, Viola Ahlm, Clas Evander, Magnus Infect Ecol Epidemiol Original Research Article Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) may cause severe emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, which pose a significant threat to human and animal health in the world today. These infectious diseases range from mild febrile illnesses, arthritis, and encephalitis to haemorrhagic fevers. It is postulated that certain environmental factors, vector competence, and host susceptibility have a major impact on the ecology of arboviral diseases. Presently, there is a great interest in the emergence of Alphaviruses because these viruses, including Chikungunya virus, O'nyong'nyong virus, Sindbis virus, Ross River virus, and Mayaro virus, have caused outbreaks in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and America. Some of these viruses are more common in the tropics, whereas others are also found in temperate regions, but the actual factors driving Alphavirus emergence and re-emergence remain unresolved. Furthermore, little is known about the transmission dynamics, pathophysiology, genetic diversity, and evolution of circulating viral strains. In addition, the clinical presentation of Alphaviruses may be similar to other diseases such as dengue, malaria, and typhoid, hence leading to misdiagnosis. However, the typical presence of arthritis may distinguish between Alphaviruses and other differential diagnoses. The absence of validated diagnostic kits for Alphaviruses makes even routine surveillance less feasible. For that purpose, this review describes the occurrence, genetic diversity, clinical characteristics, and the mechanisms involving Alphaviruses causing arthritis in humans. This information may serve as a basis for better awareness and detection of Alphavirus-caused diseases during outbreaks and in establishing appropriate prevention and control measures. Co-Action Publishing 2015-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4685977/ /pubmed/26689654 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/iee.v5.29853 Text en © 2015 Olivia Wesula Lwande et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Article Lwande, Olivia Wesula Obanda, Vincent Bucht, Göran Mosomtai, Gladys Otieno, Viola Ahlm, Clas Evander, Magnus Global emergence of Alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans |
title | Global emergence of Alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans |
title_full | Global emergence of Alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans |
title_fullStr | Global emergence of Alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans |
title_full_unstemmed | Global emergence of Alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans |
title_short | Global emergence of Alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans |
title_sort | global emergence of alphaviruses that cause arthritis in humans |
topic | Original Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4685977/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26689654 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/iee.v5.29853 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT lwandeoliviawesula globalemergenceofalphavirusesthatcausearthritisinhumans AT obandavincent globalemergenceofalphavirusesthatcausearthritisinhumans AT buchtgoran globalemergenceofalphavirusesthatcausearthritisinhumans AT mosomtaigladys globalemergenceofalphavirusesthatcausearthritisinhumans AT otienoviola globalemergenceofalphavirusesthatcausearthritisinhumans AT ahlmclas globalemergenceofalphavirusesthatcausearthritisinhumans AT evandermagnus globalemergenceofalphavirusesthatcausearthritisinhumans |