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The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones

Anemia is a multifactorial condition whose prevalence increases in both sexes after the fifth decade of life. It is a highly represented phenomenon in older adults and in one-third of cases is “unexplained.” Ageing process is also characterized by a “multiple hormonal dysregulation” with disruption...

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Autores principales: Maggio, Marcello, De Vita, Francesca, Fisichella, Alberto, Lauretani, Fulvio, Ticinesi, Andrea, Ceresini, Graziano, Cappola, Anne, Ferrucci, Luigi, Ceda, Gian Paolo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4686706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26779261
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/292574
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author Maggio, Marcello
De Vita, Francesca
Fisichella, Alberto
Lauretani, Fulvio
Ticinesi, Andrea
Ceresini, Graziano
Cappola, Anne
Ferrucci, Luigi
Ceda, Gian Paolo
author_facet Maggio, Marcello
De Vita, Francesca
Fisichella, Alberto
Lauretani, Fulvio
Ticinesi, Andrea
Ceresini, Graziano
Cappola, Anne
Ferrucci, Luigi
Ceda, Gian Paolo
author_sort Maggio, Marcello
collection PubMed
description Anemia is a multifactorial condition whose prevalence increases in both sexes after the fifth decade of life. It is a highly represented phenomenon in older adults and in one-third of cases is “unexplained.” Ageing process is also characterized by a “multiple hormonal dysregulation” with disruption in gonadal, adrenal, and somatotropic axes. Experimental studies suggest that anabolic hormones such as testosterone, IGF-1, and thyroid hormones are able to increase erythroid mass, erythropoietin synthesis, and iron bioavailability, underlining a potential role of multiple hormonal changes in the anemia of aging. Epidemiological data more consistently support an association between lower testosterone and anemia in adult-older individuals. Low IGF-1 has been especially associated with anemia in the pediatric population and in a wide range of disorders. There is also evidence of an association between thyroid hormones and abnormalities in hematological parameters under overt thyroid and euthyroid conditions, with limited data on subclinical statuses. Although RCTs have shown beneficial effects, stronger for testosterone and the GH-IGF-1 axis and less evident for thyroid hormones, in improving different hematological parameters, there is no clear evidence for the usefulness of hormonal treatment in improving anemia in older subjects. Thus, more clinical and research efforts are needed to investigate the hormonal contribution to anemia in the older individuals.
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spelling pubmed-46867062016-01-17 The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones Maggio, Marcello De Vita, Francesca Fisichella, Alberto Lauretani, Fulvio Ticinesi, Andrea Ceresini, Graziano Cappola, Anne Ferrucci, Luigi Ceda, Gian Paolo Int J Endocrinol Review Article Anemia is a multifactorial condition whose prevalence increases in both sexes after the fifth decade of life. It is a highly represented phenomenon in older adults and in one-third of cases is “unexplained.” Ageing process is also characterized by a “multiple hormonal dysregulation” with disruption in gonadal, adrenal, and somatotropic axes. Experimental studies suggest that anabolic hormones such as testosterone, IGF-1, and thyroid hormones are able to increase erythroid mass, erythropoietin synthesis, and iron bioavailability, underlining a potential role of multiple hormonal changes in the anemia of aging. Epidemiological data more consistently support an association between lower testosterone and anemia in adult-older individuals. Low IGF-1 has been especially associated with anemia in the pediatric population and in a wide range of disorders. There is also evidence of an association between thyroid hormones and abnormalities in hematological parameters under overt thyroid and euthyroid conditions, with limited data on subclinical statuses. Although RCTs have shown beneficial effects, stronger for testosterone and the GH-IGF-1 axis and less evident for thyroid hormones, in improving different hematological parameters, there is no clear evidence for the usefulness of hormonal treatment in improving anemia in older subjects. Thus, more clinical and research efforts are needed to investigate the hormonal contribution to anemia in the older individuals. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 2015-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC4686706/ /pubmed/26779261 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/292574 Text en Copyright © 2015 Marcello Maggio et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Maggio, Marcello
De Vita, Francesca
Fisichella, Alberto
Lauretani, Fulvio
Ticinesi, Andrea
Ceresini, Graziano
Cappola, Anne
Ferrucci, Luigi
Ceda, Gian Paolo
The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones
title The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones
title_full The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones
title_fullStr The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones
title_full_unstemmed The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones
title_short The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones
title_sort role of the multiple hormonal dysregulation in the onset of “anemia of aging”: focus on testosterone, igf-1, and thyroid hormones
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4686706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26779261
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/292574
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