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Access to Routine Immunization: A Comparative Analysis of Supply-Side Disparities between Northern and Southern Nigeria
BACKGROUND: The available data on routine immunization in Nigeria show a disparity in coverage between Northern and Southern Nigeria, with the former performing worse. The effect of socio-cultural differences on health-seeking behaviour has been identified in the literature as the main cause of the...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687123/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26692215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144876 |
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author | Eboreime, Ejemai Abimbola, Seye Bozzani, Fiammetta |
author_facet | Eboreime, Ejemai Abimbola, Seye Bozzani, Fiammetta |
author_sort | Eboreime, Ejemai |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The available data on routine immunization in Nigeria show a disparity in coverage between Northern and Southern Nigeria, with the former performing worse. The effect of socio-cultural differences on health-seeking behaviour has been identified in the literature as the main cause of the disparity. Our study analyses the role of supply-side determinants, particularly access to services, in causing these disparities. METHODS: Using routine government data, we compared supply-side determinants of access in two Northern states with two Southern states. The states were identified using criteria-based purposive selection such that the comparisons were made between a low-coverage state in the South and a low-coverage state in the North as well as between a high-coverage state in the South and a high-coverage state in the North. RESULTS: Human resources and commodities at routine immunization service delivery points were generally insufficient for service delivery in both geographical regions. While disparities were evident between individual states irrespective of regional location, compared to the South, residents in Northern Nigeria were more likely to have vaccination service delivery points located within a 5km radius of their settlements. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that regional supply-side disparities are not apparent, reinforcing the earlier reported socio-cultural explanations for disparities in routine immunization service uptake between Northern and Southern Nigeria. Nonetheless, improving routine immunisation coverage services require that there are available human resources and that health facilities are equitably distributed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4687123 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46871232016-01-07 Access to Routine Immunization: A Comparative Analysis of Supply-Side Disparities between Northern and Southern Nigeria Eboreime, Ejemai Abimbola, Seye Bozzani, Fiammetta PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: The available data on routine immunization in Nigeria show a disparity in coverage between Northern and Southern Nigeria, with the former performing worse. The effect of socio-cultural differences on health-seeking behaviour has been identified in the literature as the main cause of the disparity. Our study analyses the role of supply-side determinants, particularly access to services, in causing these disparities. METHODS: Using routine government data, we compared supply-side determinants of access in two Northern states with two Southern states. The states were identified using criteria-based purposive selection such that the comparisons were made between a low-coverage state in the South and a low-coverage state in the North as well as between a high-coverage state in the South and a high-coverage state in the North. RESULTS: Human resources and commodities at routine immunization service delivery points were generally insufficient for service delivery in both geographical regions. While disparities were evident between individual states irrespective of regional location, compared to the South, residents in Northern Nigeria were more likely to have vaccination service delivery points located within a 5km radius of their settlements. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that regional supply-side disparities are not apparent, reinforcing the earlier reported socio-cultural explanations for disparities in routine immunization service uptake between Northern and Southern Nigeria. Nonetheless, improving routine immunisation coverage services require that there are available human resources and that health facilities are equitably distributed. Public Library of Science 2015-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4687123/ /pubmed/26692215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144876 Text en © 2015 Eboreime et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Eboreime, Ejemai Abimbola, Seye Bozzani, Fiammetta Access to Routine Immunization: A Comparative Analysis of Supply-Side Disparities between Northern and Southern Nigeria |
title | Access to Routine Immunization: A Comparative Analysis of Supply-Side Disparities between Northern and Southern Nigeria |
title_full | Access to Routine Immunization: A Comparative Analysis of Supply-Side Disparities between Northern and Southern Nigeria |
title_fullStr | Access to Routine Immunization: A Comparative Analysis of Supply-Side Disparities between Northern and Southern Nigeria |
title_full_unstemmed | Access to Routine Immunization: A Comparative Analysis of Supply-Side Disparities between Northern and Southern Nigeria |
title_short | Access to Routine Immunization: A Comparative Analysis of Supply-Side Disparities between Northern and Southern Nigeria |
title_sort | access to routine immunization: a comparative analysis of supply-side disparities between northern and southern nigeria |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687123/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26692215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144876 |
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