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Alcohol consumption patterns in Thailand and their relationship with non-communicable disease
BACKGROUND: Heavy alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) but few studies have investigated drinking and disease risk in middle income, non-western countries. We report on the relationship between alcohol consumption and NCDs in Thailand. METHODS: A nat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4690366/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26704520 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2662-9 |
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author | Wakabayashi, Mami McKetin, Rebecca Banwell, Cathy Yiengprugsawan, Vasoontara Kelly, Matthew Seubsman, Sam-ang Iso, Hiroyasu Sleigh, Adrian |
author_facet | Wakabayashi, Mami McKetin, Rebecca Banwell, Cathy Yiengprugsawan, Vasoontara Kelly, Matthew Seubsman, Sam-ang Iso, Hiroyasu Sleigh, Adrian |
author_sort | Wakabayashi, Mami |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Heavy alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) but few studies have investigated drinking and disease risk in middle income, non-western countries. We report on the relationship between alcohol consumption and NCDs in Thailand. METHODS: A nationwide cross sectional survey was conducted of 87,151 Thai adult open university students aged 15 to 87 years (mean age 30.5 years) who were recruited into the Thai Cohort Study. Participants were categorized as never having drunk alcohol (n = 22,527), as being occasional drinkers who drank infrequently but heavily (4+ glasses/occasion - occasional heavy drinkers, n = 24,152) or drank infrequently and less heavily (<4 glasses/occasion - occasional light drinkers, n = 26,861). Current regular drinkers were subdivided into those who either drank heavily (4 + glasses per occasion - regular heavy drinkers, n = 3,675) or those who drank less (<4 glasses/occasion -regular light drinkers, n = 490). There were 7,548 ex-drinkers in the study. Outcomes were lifetime diagnoses of self-reported NCDs and obesity (body mass index ≥ 25). RESULTS: Most women were never drinkers (40 % among females) or occasional light drinkers (39 %), in contrast to men (11 % and 22 %, respectively). Alcohol consumption was associated with urban in-migration and other recognized risks for NCDs (sedentary lifestyle and poor diet). After adjustment for these factors the odds ratios (ORs) for several NCDs outcomes - high cholesterol, hypertension, and liver disease - were significantly elevated among both occasional heavy drinkers (1.2 to 1.5) and regular heavy drinkers (1.5 to 2.0) relative to never drinkers. CONCLUSIONS: Heavy alcohol consumption of 4 or more glasses per occasion, even if the occasions were infrequent, was associated with elevated risk of NCDs in Thailand. These results highlight the need for strategies in Thailand to reduce the quantity of alcohol consumed to prevent alcohol-related disease. Thailand is fortunate that most of the female population is culturally protected from drinking and this national public good should be endorsed and supported. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4690366 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46903662015-12-25 Alcohol consumption patterns in Thailand and their relationship with non-communicable disease Wakabayashi, Mami McKetin, Rebecca Banwell, Cathy Yiengprugsawan, Vasoontara Kelly, Matthew Seubsman, Sam-ang Iso, Hiroyasu Sleigh, Adrian BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Heavy alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) but few studies have investigated drinking and disease risk in middle income, non-western countries. We report on the relationship between alcohol consumption and NCDs in Thailand. METHODS: A nationwide cross sectional survey was conducted of 87,151 Thai adult open university students aged 15 to 87 years (mean age 30.5 years) who were recruited into the Thai Cohort Study. Participants were categorized as never having drunk alcohol (n = 22,527), as being occasional drinkers who drank infrequently but heavily (4+ glasses/occasion - occasional heavy drinkers, n = 24,152) or drank infrequently and less heavily (<4 glasses/occasion - occasional light drinkers, n = 26,861). Current regular drinkers were subdivided into those who either drank heavily (4 + glasses per occasion - regular heavy drinkers, n = 3,675) or those who drank less (<4 glasses/occasion -regular light drinkers, n = 490). There were 7,548 ex-drinkers in the study. Outcomes were lifetime diagnoses of self-reported NCDs and obesity (body mass index ≥ 25). RESULTS: Most women were never drinkers (40 % among females) or occasional light drinkers (39 %), in contrast to men (11 % and 22 %, respectively). Alcohol consumption was associated with urban in-migration and other recognized risks for NCDs (sedentary lifestyle and poor diet). After adjustment for these factors the odds ratios (ORs) for several NCDs outcomes - high cholesterol, hypertension, and liver disease - were significantly elevated among both occasional heavy drinkers (1.2 to 1.5) and regular heavy drinkers (1.5 to 2.0) relative to never drinkers. CONCLUSIONS: Heavy alcohol consumption of 4 or more glasses per occasion, even if the occasions were infrequent, was associated with elevated risk of NCDs in Thailand. These results highlight the need for strategies in Thailand to reduce the quantity of alcohol consumed to prevent alcohol-related disease. Thailand is fortunate that most of the female population is culturally protected from drinking and this national public good should be endorsed and supported. BioMed Central 2015-12-24 /pmc/articles/PMC4690366/ /pubmed/26704520 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2662-9 Text en © Wakabayashi et al. 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wakabayashi, Mami McKetin, Rebecca Banwell, Cathy Yiengprugsawan, Vasoontara Kelly, Matthew Seubsman, Sam-ang Iso, Hiroyasu Sleigh, Adrian Alcohol consumption patterns in Thailand and their relationship with non-communicable disease |
title | Alcohol consumption patterns in Thailand and their relationship with non-communicable disease |
title_full | Alcohol consumption patterns in Thailand and their relationship with non-communicable disease |
title_fullStr | Alcohol consumption patterns in Thailand and their relationship with non-communicable disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Alcohol consumption patterns in Thailand and their relationship with non-communicable disease |
title_short | Alcohol consumption patterns in Thailand and their relationship with non-communicable disease |
title_sort | alcohol consumption patterns in thailand and their relationship with non-communicable disease |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4690366/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26704520 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2662-9 |
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