Cargando…

Alcohol and Apoptosis: Friends or Foes?

Alcohol abuse causes 79,000 deaths stemming from severe organ damage in the United States every year. Clinical manifestations of long-term alcohol abuse on the cardiac muscle include defective contractility with the development of dilated cardiomyopathy and low-output heart failure; which has poor p...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rodriguez, Ana, Chawla, Karan, Umoh, Nsini A., Cousins, Valerie M., Ketegou, Assama, Reddy, Madhumati G., AlRubaiee, Mustafa, Haddad, Georges E., Burke, Mark W.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4693275/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26610584
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom5043193
_version_ 1782407355467563008
author Rodriguez, Ana
Chawla, Karan
Umoh, Nsini A.
Cousins, Valerie M.
Ketegou, Assama
Reddy, Madhumati G.
AlRubaiee, Mustafa
Haddad, Georges E.
Burke, Mark W.
author_facet Rodriguez, Ana
Chawla, Karan
Umoh, Nsini A.
Cousins, Valerie M.
Ketegou, Assama
Reddy, Madhumati G.
AlRubaiee, Mustafa
Haddad, Georges E.
Burke, Mark W.
author_sort Rodriguez, Ana
collection PubMed
description Alcohol abuse causes 79,000 deaths stemming from severe organ damage in the United States every year. Clinical manifestations of long-term alcohol abuse on the cardiac muscle include defective contractility with the development of dilated cardiomyopathy and low-output heart failure; which has poor prognosis with less than 25% survival for more than three years. In contrast, low alcohol consumption has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, however the mechanism of this phenomenon remains elusive. The aim of this study was to determine the significance of apoptosis as a mediating factor in cardiac function following chronic high alcohol versus low alcohol exposure. Adult rats were provided 5 mM (low alcohol), 100 mM (high alcohol) or pair-fed non-alcohol controls for 4–5 months. The hearts were dissected, sectioned and stained with cresyl violet or immunohistochemically for caspase-3, a putative marker for apoptosis. Cardiomyocytes were isolated to determine the effects of alcohol exposure on cell contraction and relaxation. High alcohol animals displayed a marked thinning of the left ventricular wall combined with elevated caspase-3 activity and decreased contractility. In contrast, low alcohol was associated with increased contractility and decreased apoptosis suggesting an overall protective mechanism induced by low levels of alcohol exposure.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4693275
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2015
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-46932752016-01-07 Alcohol and Apoptosis: Friends or Foes? Rodriguez, Ana Chawla, Karan Umoh, Nsini A. Cousins, Valerie M. Ketegou, Assama Reddy, Madhumati G. AlRubaiee, Mustafa Haddad, Georges E. Burke, Mark W. Biomolecules Article Alcohol abuse causes 79,000 deaths stemming from severe organ damage in the United States every year. Clinical manifestations of long-term alcohol abuse on the cardiac muscle include defective contractility with the development of dilated cardiomyopathy and low-output heart failure; which has poor prognosis with less than 25% survival for more than three years. In contrast, low alcohol consumption has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, however the mechanism of this phenomenon remains elusive. The aim of this study was to determine the significance of apoptosis as a mediating factor in cardiac function following chronic high alcohol versus low alcohol exposure. Adult rats were provided 5 mM (low alcohol), 100 mM (high alcohol) or pair-fed non-alcohol controls for 4–5 months. The hearts were dissected, sectioned and stained with cresyl violet or immunohistochemically for caspase-3, a putative marker for apoptosis. Cardiomyocytes were isolated to determine the effects of alcohol exposure on cell contraction and relaxation. High alcohol animals displayed a marked thinning of the left ventricular wall combined with elevated caspase-3 activity and decreased contractility. In contrast, low alcohol was associated with increased contractility and decreased apoptosis suggesting an overall protective mechanism induced by low levels of alcohol exposure. MDPI 2015-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4693275/ /pubmed/26610584 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom5043193 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rodriguez, Ana
Chawla, Karan
Umoh, Nsini A.
Cousins, Valerie M.
Ketegou, Assama
Reddy, Madhumati G.
AlRubaiee, Mustafa
Haddad, Georges E.
Burke, Mark W.
Alcohol and Apoptosis: Friends or Foes?
title Alcohol and Apoptosis: Friends or Foes?
title_full Alcohol and Apoptosis: Friends or Foes?
title_fullStr Alcohol and Apoptosis: Friends or Foes?
title_full_unstemmed Alcohol and Apoptosis: Friends or Foes?
title_short Alcohol and Apoptosis: Friends or Foes?
title_sort alcohol and apoptosis: friends or foes?
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4693275/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26610584
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom5043193
work_keys_str_mv AT rodriguezana alcoholandapoptosisfriendsorfoes
AT chawlakaran alcoholandapoptosisfriendsorfoes
AT umohnsinia alcoholandapoptosisfriendsorfoes
AT cousinsvaleriem alcoholandapoptosisfriendsorfoes
AT ketegouassama alcoholandapoptosisfriendsorfoes
AT reddymadhumatig alcoholandapoptosisfriendsorfoes
AT alrubaieemustafa alcoholandapoptosisfriendsorfoes
AT haddadgeorgese alcoholandapoptosisfriendsorfoes
AT burkemarkw alcoholandapoptosisfriendsorfoes