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Mitochondrial disease in adults: what's old and what's new?
Ten years ago, there was an emerging view that the molecular basis for adult mitochondrial disorders was largely known and that the clinical phenotypes had been well described. Nothing could have been further from the truth. The establishment of large cohorts of patients has revealed new aspects of...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2015
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4693502/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26612854 http://dx.doi.org/10.15252/emmm.201505079 |
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author | Chinnery, Patrick F |
author_facet | Chinnery, Patrick F |
author_sort | Chinnery, Patrick F |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ten years ago, there was an emerging view that the molecular basis for adult mitochondrial disorders was largely known and that the clinical phenotypes had been well described. Nothing could have been further from the truth. The establishment of large cohorts of patients has revealed new aspects of the clinical presentation that were not previously appreciated. Over time, this approach is starting to provide an accurate understanding of the natural history of mitochondrial disease in adults. Advances in molecular diagnostics, underpinned by next generation sequencing technology, have identified novel molecular mechanisms. Recently described mitochondrial disease phenotypes have disparate causes, and yet share common mechanistic themes. In particular, disorders of mtDNA maintenance have emerged as a major cause of mitochondrial disease in adults. Progressive mtDNA depletion and the accumulation of mtDNA mutations explain some of the clinical features, but the genetic and cellular processes responsible for the mtDNA abnormalities are not entirely clear in each instance. Unfortunately, apart from a few specific examples, treatments for adult mitochondrial disease have not been forthcoming. However, the establishment of international consortia, and the first multinational randomised controlled trial, have paved the way for major progress in the near future, underpinned by growing interest from the pharmaceutical industry. Adult mitochondrial medicine is, therefore, in its infancy, and the challenge is to harness the new understanding of its molecular and cellular basis to develop treatments of real benefit to patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4693502 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46935022016-01-05 Mitochondrial disease in adults: what's old and what's new? Chinnery, Patrick F EMBO Mol Med Review Ten years ago, there was an emerging view that the molecular basis for adult mitochondrial disorders was largely known and that the clinical phenotypes had been well described. Nothing could have been further from the truth. The establishment of large cohorts of patients has revealed new aspects of the clinical presentation that were not previously appreciated. Over time, this approach is starting to provide an accurate understanding of the natural history of mitochondrial disease in adults. Advances in molecular diagnostics, underpinned by next generation sequencing technology, have identified novel molecular mechanisms. Recently described mitochondrial disease phenotypes have disparate causes, and yet share common mechanistic themes. In particular, disorders of mtDNA maintenance have emerged as a major cause of mitochondrial disease in adults. Progressive mtDNA depletion and the accumulation of mtDNA mutations explain some of the clinical features, but the genetic and cellular processes responsible for the mtDNA abnormalities are not entirely clear in each instance. Unfortunately, apart from a few specific examples, treatments for adult mitochondrial disease have not been forthcoming. However, the establishment of international consortia, and the first multinational randomised controlled trial, have paved the way for major progress in the near future, underpinned by growing interest from the pharmaceutical industry. Adult mitochondrial medicine is, therefore, in its infancy, and the challenge is to harness the new understanding of its molecular and cellular basis to develop treatments of real benefit to patients. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2015-11-26 2015-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4693502/ /pubmed/26612854 http://dx.doi.org/10.15252/emmm.201505079 Text en © 2015 The Author. Published under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Chinnery, Patrick F Mitochondrial disease in adults: what's old and what's new? |
title | Mitochondrial disease in adults: what's old and what's new? |
title_full | Mitochondrial disease in adults: what's old and what's new? |
title_fullStr | Mitochondrial disease in adults: what's old and what's new? |
title_full_unstemmed | Mitochondrial disease in adults: what's old and what's new? |
title_short | Mitochondrial disease in adults: what's old and what's new? |
title_sort | mitochondrial disease in adults: what's old and what's new? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4693502/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26612854 http://dx.doi.org/10.15252/emmm.201505079 |
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