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Effects of Long-Term Ayahuasca Administration on Memory and Anxiety in Rats

Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic beverage that combines the action of the 5-HT(2A/2C) agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from Psychotria viridis with the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) induced by beta-carbonyls from Banisteriopsis caapi. Previous investigations have highlighted the involvement...

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Autores principales: Favaro, Vanessa Manchim, Yonamine, Maurício, Soares, Juliana Carlota Kramer, Oliveira, Maria Gabriela Menezes
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4696664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26716991
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145840
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author Favaro, Vanessa Manchim
Yonamine, Maurício
Soares, Juliana Carlota Kramer
Oliveira, Maria Gabriela Menezes
author_facet Favaro, Vanessa Manchim
Yonamine, Maurício
Soares, Juliana Carlota Kramer
Oliveira, Maria Gabriela Menezes
author_sort Favaro, Vanessa Manchim
collection PubMed
description Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic beverage that combines the action of the 5-HT(2A/2C) agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from Psychotria viridis with the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) induced by beta-carbonyls from Banisteriopsis caapi. Previous investigations have highlighted the involvement of ayahuasca with the activation of brain regions known to be involved with episodic memory, contextual associations and emotional processing after ayahuasca ingestion. Moreover long term users show better performance in neuropsychological tests when tested in off-drug condition. This study evaluated the effects of long-term administration of ayahuasca on Morris water maze (MWM), fear conditioning and elevated plus maze (EPM) performance in rats. Behavior tests started 48h after the end of treatment. Freeze-dried ayahuasca doses of 120, 240 and 480 mg/kg were used, with water as the control. Long-term administration consisted of a daily oral dose for 30 days by gavage. The behavioral data indicated that long-term ayahuasca administration did not affect the performance of animals in MWM and EPM tasks. However the dose of 120 mg/kg increased the contextual conditioned fear response for both background and foreground fear conditioning. The tone conditioned response was not affected after long-term administration. In addition, the increase in the contextual fear response was maintained during the repeated sessions several weeks after training. Taken together, these data showed that long-term ayahuasca administration in rats can interfere with the contextual association of emotional events, which is in agreement with the fact that the beverage activates brain areas related to these processes.
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spelling pubmed-46966642016-01-13 Effects of Long-Term Ayahuasca Administration on Memory and Anxiety in Rats Favaro, Vanessa Manchim Yonamine, Maurício Soares, Juliana Carlota Kramer Oliveira, Maria Gabriela Menezes PLoS One Research Article Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic beverage that combines the action of the 5-HT(2A/2C) agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from Psychotria viridis with the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) induced by beta-carbonyls from Banisteriopsis caapi. Previous investigations have highlighted the involvement of ayahuasca with the activation of brain regions known to be involved with episodic memory, contextual associations and emotional processing after ayahuasca ingestion. Moreover long term users show better performance in neuropsychological tests when tested in off-drug condition. This study evaluated the effects of long-term administration of ayahuasca on Morris water maze (MWM), fear conditioning and elevated plus maze (EPM) performance in rats. Behavior tests started 48h after the end of treatment. Freeze-dried ayahuasca doses of 120, 240 and 480 mg/kg were used, with water as the control. Long-term administration consisted of a daily oral dose for 30 days by gavage. The behavioral data indicated that long-term ayahuasca administration did not affect the performance of animals in MWM and EPM tasks. However the dose of 120 mg/kg increased the contextual conditioned fear response for both background and foreground fear conditioning. The tone conditioned response was not affected after long-term administration. In addition, the increase in the contextual fear response was maintained during the repeated sessions several weeks after training. Taken together, these data showed that long-term ayahuasca administration in rats can interfere with the contextual association of emotional events, which is in agreement with the fact that the beverage activates brain areas related to these processes. Public Library of Science 2015-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4696664/ /pubmed/26716991 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145840 Text en © 2015 Favaro et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Favaro, Vanessa Manchim
Yonamine, Maurício
Soares, Juliana Carlota Kramer
Oliveira, Maria Gabriela Menezes
Effects of Long-Term Ayahuasca Administration on Memory and Anxiety in Rats
title Effects of Long-Term Ayahuasca Administration on Memory and Anxiety in Rats
title_full Effects of Long-Term Ayahuasca Administration on Memory and Anxiety in Rats
title_fullStr Effects of Long-Term Ayahuasca Administration on Memory and Anxiety in Rats
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Long-Term Ayahuasca Administration on Memory and Anxiety in Rats
title_short Effects of Long-Term Ayahuasca Administration on Memory and Anxiety in Rats
title_sort effects of long-term ayahuasca administration on memory and anxiety in rats
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4696664/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26716991
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145840
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