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Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents
A variety of antioxidant compounds derived from natural products (nutraceuticals) have demonstrated neuroprotective activity in either in vitro or in vivo models of neuronal cell death or neurodegeneration, respectively. These natural antioxidants fall into several distinct groups based on their che...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2010
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4697862/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21060289 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules15117792 |
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author | Kelsey, Natalie A. Wilkins, Heather M. Linseman, Daniel A. |
author_facet | Kelsey, Natalie A. Wilkins, Heather M. Linseman, Daniel A. |
author_sort | Kelsey, Natalie A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | A variety of antioxidant compounds derived from natural products (nutraceuticals) have demonstrated neuroprotective activity in either in vitro or in vivo models of neuronal cell death or neurodegeneration, respectively. These natural antioxidants fall into several distinct groups based on their chemical structures: (1) flavonoid polyphenols like epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea and quercetin from apples; (2) non-flavonoid polyphenols such as curcumin from tumeric and resveratrol from grapes; (3) phenolic acids or phenolic diterpenes such as rosmarinic acid or carnosic acid, respectively, both from rosemary; and (4) organosulfur compounds including the isothiocyanate, L-sulforaphane, from broccoli and the thiosulfonate allicin, from garlic. All of these compounds are generally considered to be antioxidants. They may be classified this way either because they directly scavenge free radicals or they indirectly increase endogenous cellular antioxidant defenses, for example, via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor pathway. Alternative mechanisms of action have also been suggested for the neuroprotective effects of these compounds such as modulation of signal transduction cascades or effects on gene expression. Here, we review the literature pertaining to these various classes of nutraceutical antioxidants and discuss their potential therapeutic value in neurodegenerative diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4697862 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-46978622015-12-31 Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents Kelsey, Natalie A. Wilkins, Heather M. Linseman, Daniel A. Molecules Review A variety of antioxidant compounds derived from natural products (nutraceuticals) have demonstrated neuroprotective activity in either in vitro or in vivo models of neuronal cell death or neurodegeneration, respectively. These natural antioxidants fall into several distinct groups based on their chemical structures: (1) flavonoid polyphenols like epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea and quercetin from apples; (2) non-flavonoid polyphenols such as curcumin from tumeric and resveratrol from grapes; (3) phenolic acids or phenolic diterpenes such as rosmarinic acid or carnosic acid, respectively, both from rosemary; and (4) organosulfur compounds including the isothiocyanate, L-sulforaphane, from broccoli and the thiosulfonate allicin, from garlic. All of these compounds are generally considered to be antioxidants. They may be classified this way either because they directly scavenge free radicals or they indirectly increase endogenous cellular antioxidant defenses, for example, via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor pathway. Alternative mechanisms of action have also been suggested for the neuroprotective effects of these compounds such as modulation of signal transduction cascades or effects on gene expression. Here, we review the literature pertaining to these various classes of nutraceutical antioxidants and discuss their potential therapeutic value in neurodegenerative diseases. MDPI 2010-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4697862/ /pubmed/21060289 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules15117792 Text en © 2010 by the authors; http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Kelsey, Natalie A. Wilkins, Heather M. Linseman, Daniel A. Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents |
title | Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents |
title_full | Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents |
title_fullStr | Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents |
title_full_unstemmed | Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents |
title_short | Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents |
title_sort | nutraceutical antioxidants as novel neuroprotective agents |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4697862/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21060289 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules15117792 |
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