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Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents

A variety of antioxidant compounds derived from natural products (nutraceuticals) have demonstrated neuroprotective activity in either in vitro or in vivo models of neuronal cell death or neurodegeneration, respectively. These natural antioxidants fall into several distinct groups based on their che...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kelsey, Natalie A., Wilkins, Heather M., Linseman, Daniel A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4697862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21060289
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules15117792
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author Kelsey, Natalie A.
Wilkins, Heather M.
Linseman, Daniel A.
author_facet Kelsey, Natalie A.
Wilkins, Heather M.
Linseman, Daniel A.
author_sort Kelsey, Natalie A.
collection PubMed
description A variety of antioxidant compounds derived from natural products (nutraceuticals) have demonstrated neuroprotective activity in either in vitro or in vivo models of neuronal cell death or neurodegeneration, respectively. These natural antioxidants fall into several distinct groups based on their chemical structures: (1) flavonoid polyphenols like epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea and quercetin from apples; (2) non-flavonoid polyphenols such as curcumin from tumeric and resveratrol from grapes; (3) phenolic acids or phenolic diterpenes such as rosmarinic acid or carnosic acid, respectively, both from rosemary; and (4) organosulfur compounds including the isothiocyanate, L-sulforaphane, from broccoli and the thiosulfonate allicin, from garlic. All of these compounds are generally considered to be antioxidants. They may be classified this way either because they directly scavenge free radicals or they indirectly increase endogenous cellular antioxidant defenses, for example, via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor pathway. Alternative mechanisms of action have also been suggested for the neuroprotective effects of these compounds such as modulation of signal transduction cascades or effects on gene expression. Here, we review the literature pertaining to these various classes of nutraceutical antioxidants and discuss their potential therapeutic value in neurodegenerative diseases.
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spelling pubmed-46978622015-12-31 Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents Kelsey, Natalie A. Wilkins, Heather M. Linseman, Daniel A. Molecules Review A variety of antioxidant compounds derived from natural products (nutraceuticals) have demonstrated neuroprotective activity in either in vitro or in vivo models of neuronal cell death or neurodegeneration, respectively. These natural antioxidants fall into several distinct groups based on their chemical structures: (1) flavonoid polyphenols like epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea and quercetin from apples; (2) non-flavonoid polyphenols such as curcumin from tumeric and resveratrol from grapes; (3) phenolic acids or phenolic diterpenes such as rosmarinic acid or carnosic acid, respectively, both from rosemary; and (4) organosulfur compounds including the isothiocyanate, L-sulforaphane, from broccoli and the thiosulfonate allicin, from garlic. All of these compounds are generally considered to be antioxidants. They may be classified this way either because they directly scavenge free radicals or they indirectly increase endogenous cellular antioxidant defenses, for example, via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor pathway. Alternative mechanisms of action have also been suggested for the neuroprotective effects of these compounds such as modulation of signal transduction cascades or effects on gene expression. Here, we review the literature pertaining to these various classes of nutraceutical antioxidants and discuss their potential therapeutic value in neurodegenerative diseases. MDPI 2010-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4697862/ /pubmed/21060289 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules15117792 Text en © 2010 by the authors; http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kelsey, Natalie A.
Wilkins, Heather M.
Linseman, Daniel A.
Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents
title Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents
title_full Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents
title_fullStr Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents
title_full_unstemmed Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents
title_short Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents
title_sort nutraceutical antioxidants as novel neuroprotective agents
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4697862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21060289
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules15117792
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