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Caffeine Consuming Children and Adolescents Show Altered Sleep Behavior and Deep Sleep
Caffeine is the most commonly ingested psychoactive drug worldwide with increasing consumption rates among young individuals. While caffeine leads to decreased sleep quality in adults, studies investigating how caffeine consumption affects children’s and adolescents’ sleep remain scarce. We explored...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2015
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4701022/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26501326 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci5040441 |
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author | Aepli, Andrina Kurth, Salome Tesler, Noemi Jenni, Oskar G. Huber, Reto |
author_facet | Aepli, Andrina Kurth, Salome Tesler, Noemi Jenni, Oskar G. Huber, Reto |
author_sort | Aepli, Andrina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Caffeine is the most commonly ingested psychoactive drug worldwide with increasing consumption rates among young individuals. While caffeine leads to decreased sleep quality in adults, studies investigating how caffeine consumption affects children’s and adolescents’ sleep remain scarce. We explored the effects of regular caffeine consumption on sleep behavior and the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) in children and adolescents (10–16 years). While later habitual bedtimes (Caffeine 23:14 ± 11.4, Controls 22:17 ± 15.4) and less time in bed were found in caffeine consumers compared to the control group (Caffeine 08:10 ± 13.3, Controls 09:03 ± 16.1), morning tiredness was unaffected. Furthermore, caffeine consumers exhibited reduced sleep EEG slow-wave activity (SWA, 1–4.5 Hz) at the beginning of the night compared to controls (20% ± 9% average reduction across all electrodes and subjects). Comparable reductions were found for alpha activity (8.25–9.75 Hz). These effects, however, disappeared in the morning hours. Our findings suggest that caffeine consumption in adolescents may lead to later bedtimes and reduced SWA, a well-established marker of sleep depth. Because deep sleep is involved in recovery processes during sleep, further research is needed to understand whether a caffeine-induced loss of sleep depth interacts with neuronal network refinement processes that occur during the sensitive period of adolescent development. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4701022 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2015 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47010222016-01-06 Caffeine Consuming Children and Adolescents Show Altered Sleep Behavior and Deep Sleep Aepli, Andrina Kurth, Salome Tesler, Noemi Jenni, Oskar G. Huber, Reto Brain Sci Article Caffeine is the most commonly ingested psychoactive drug worldwide with increasing consumption rates among young individuals. While caffeine leads to decreased sleep quality in adults, studies investigating how caffeine consumption affects children’s and adolescents’ sleep remain scarce. We explored the effects of regular caffeine consumption on sleep behavior and the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) in children and adolescents (10–16 years). While later habitual bedtimes (Caffeine 23:14 ± 11.4, Controls 22:17 ± 15.4) and less time in bed were found in caffeine consumers compared to the control group (Caffeine 08:10 ± 13.3, Controls 09:03 ± 16.1), morning tiredness was unaffected. Furthermore, caffeine consumers exhibited reduced sleep EEG slow-wave activity (SWA, 1–4.5 Hz) at the beginning of the night compared to controls (20% ± 9% average reduction across all electrodes and subjects). Comparable reductions were found for alpha activity (8.25–9.75 Hz). These effects, however, disappeared in the morning hours. Our findings suggest that caffeine consumption in adolescents may lead to later bedtimes and reduced SWA, a well-established marker of sleep depth. Because deep sleep is involved in recovery processes during sleep, further research is needed to understand whether a caffeine-induced loss of sleep depth interacts with neuronal network refinement processes that occur during the sensitive period of adolescent development. MDPI 2015-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4701022/ /pubmed/26501326 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci5040441 Text en © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Aepli, Andrina Kurth, Salome Tesler, Noemi Jenni, Oskar G. Huber, Reto Caffeine Consuming Children and Adolescents Show Altered Sleep Behavior and Deep Sleep |
title | Caffeine Consuming Children and Adolescents Show Altered Sleep Behavior and Deep Sleep |
title_full | Caffeine Consuming Children and Adolescents Show Altered Sleep Behavior and Deep Sleep |
title_fullStr | Caffeine Consuming Children and Adolescents Show Altered Sleep Behavior and Deep Sleep |
title_full_unstemmed | Caffeine Consuming Children and Adolescents Show Altered Sleep Behavior and Deep Sleep |
title_short | Caffeine Consuming Children and Adolescents Show Altered Sleep Behavior and Deep Sleep |
title_sort | caffeine consuming children and adolescents show altered sleep behavior and deep sleep |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4701022/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26501326 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci5040441 |
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