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Arabidopsis plants deficient in constitutive class profilins reveal independent and quantitative genetic effects

BACKGROUND: The actin cytoskeleton is involved in an array of integral structural and developmental processes throughout the cell. One of actin’s best-studied binding partners is the small ubiquitously expressed protein, profilin. Arabidopsis thaliana is known to encode a family of five profilin seq...

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Autores principales: Müssar, Kristofer J., Kandasamy, Muthugapatti K., McKinney, Elizabeth C., Meagher, Richard B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4702419/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160044
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-015-0551-0
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author Müssar, Kristofer J.
Kandasamy, Muthugapatti K.
McKinney, Elizabeth C.
Meagher, Richard B.
author_facet Müssar, Kristofer J.
Kandasamy, Muthugapatti K.
McKinney, Elizabeth C.
Meagher, Richard B.
author_sort Müssar, Kristofer J.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The actin cytoskeleton is involved in an array of integral structural and developmental processes throughout the cell. One of actin’s best-studied binding partners is the small ubiquitously expressed protein, profilin. Arabidopsis thaliana is known to encode a family of five profilin sequence variants: three vegetative (also constitutive) profilins that are predominantly expressed in all vegetative tissues and ovules, and two reproductive profilins that are specifically expressed in pollen. This paper analyzes the roles of the three vegetative profilin members, PRF1, PRF2, and PRF3, in plant cell and organ development. RESULTS: Using a collection of knockout or severe knockdown T-DNA single mutants, we found that defects in each of the three variants gave rise to specific developmental deficiencies. Plants lacking PRF1 or PRF2 had defects in rosette leaf morphology and inflorescence stature, while those lacking PRF3 led to plants with slightly elongated petioles. To further examine these effects, double mutants and double and triple gene-silenced RNAi epialleles were created. These plants displayed significantly compounded developmental defects, as well as distinct lateral root growth morphological phenotypes. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that having at least one vegetative profilin gene is essential to viability. Evidence is presented that combinations of independent function, quantitative genetic effects, and functional redundancy have preserved the three vegetative profilin genes in the Arabidopsis lineage. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0551-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-47024192016-01-07 Arabidopsis plants deficient in constitutive class profilins reveal independent and quantitative genetic effects Müssar, Kristofer J. Kandasamy, Muthugapatti K. McKinney, Elizabeth C. Meagher, Richard B. BMC Plant Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: The actin cytoskeleton is involved in an array of integral structural and developmental processes throughout the cell. One of actin’s best-studied binding partners is the small ubiquitously expressed protein, profilin. Arabidopsis thaliana is known to encode a family of five profilin sequence variants: three vegetative (also constitutive) profilins that are predominantly expressed in all vegetative tissues and ovules, and two reproductive profilins that are specifically expressed in pollen. This paper analyzes the roles of the three vegetative profilin members, PRF1, PRF2, and PRF3, in plant cell and organ development. RESULTS: Using a collection of knockout or severe knockdown T-DNA single mutants, we found that defects in each of the three variants gave rise to specific developmental deficiencies. Plants lacking PRF1 or PRF2 had defects in rosette leaf morphology and inflorescence stature, while those lacking PRF3 led to plants with slightly elongated petioles. To further examine these effects, double mutants and double and triple gene-silenced RNAi epialleles were created. These plants displayed significantly compounded developmental defects, as well as distinct lateral root growth morphological phenotypes. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that having at least one vegetative profilin gene is essential to viability. Evidence is presented that combinations of independent function, quantitative genetic effects, and functional redundancy have preserved the three vegetative profilin genes in the Arabidopsis lineage. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-015-0551-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2015-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC4702419/ /pubmed/26160044 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-015-0551-0 Text en © Müssar et al. 2015 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Müssar, Kristofer J.
Kandasamy, Muthugapatti K.
McKinney, Elizabeth C.
Meagher, Richard B.
Arabidopsis plants deficient in constitutive class profilins reveal independent and quantitative genetic effects
title Arabidopsis plants deficient in constitutive class profilins reveal independent and quantitative genetic effects
title_full Arabidopsis plants deficient in constitutive class profilins reveal independent and quantitative genetic effects
title_fullStr Arabidopsis plants deficient in constitutive class profilins reveal independent and quantitative genetic effects
title_full_unstemmed Arabidopsis plants deficient in constitutive class profilins reveal independent and quantitative genetic effects
title_short Arabidopsis plants deficient in constitutive class profilins reveal independent and quantitative genetic effects
title_sort arabidopsis plants deficient in constitutive class profilins reveal independent and quantitative genetic effects
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4702419/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26160044
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-015-0551-0
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