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Successful en bloc venous resection with reconstruction and subsequent radiotherapy for 2 consecutive recurrences of intravenous leiomyoma—a case report
BACKGROUND: Intravenous leiomyomas are a rare variant of uterine leiomyoma. Although histologically benign, these tumors are associated with a poor prognosis due to propensity for metastasis, high recurrence rate, difficulty of obtaining complete resection, and frequent extension into and along majo...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4704417/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26739818 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-2045-8 |
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author | Zhang, Ying Clark, Leslie H. Sheng, Xiugui Zhou, Chunxiao |
author_facet | Zhang, Ying Clark, Leslie H. Sheng, Xiugui Zhou, Chunxiao |
author_sort | Zhang, Ying |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Intravenous leiomyomas are a rare variant of uterine leiomyoma. Although histologically benign, these tumors are associated with a poor prognosis due to propensity for metastasis, high recurrence rate, difficulty of obtaining complete resection, and frequent extension into and along major veins. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a 43-year-old patient initially presenting with lower abdominal pain. Clinical examination revealed a large right pelvic mass that was shown by computed tomography (CT) to surround the right external iliac vein, right common iliac vein and distal inferior vena cava. The patient had a history of total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral ovarian cystectomies for uterine leiomyoma approximately 3 years prior to her presentation. Her past surgical history also included removal of an ovarian endometriosis cyst and right hydrosalpinx. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy. Operative findings included complete occlusion of the right iliac vessels and distal vena cava by a large tumor that filled the pelvis and extended to the level of the right kidney. The mass was resected en bloc with the involved veins and synthetic vascular grafts were placed. This highly technical procedure was complicated by hemorrhage requiring a total of 32 units of red blood cells and 2.0 L of plasma. Pathologic examination confirmed intravenous leiomyoma. On Immunohistochemical staining, the tumor cells were positive for CD32, CD34, Vimentin and smooth muscle actin. Eight months after this procedure, the patient again presented with an abdominal mass. She was diagnosed with a pelvic recurrence and noted to have intravascular extension into the left iliac vein and inferior vena cava. For this tumor she underwent radiation treatment with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (total dose 4500 cGy). The tumor gradually decreased in size during follow-up and became undetectable by CT. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment of intravenous leiomyoma. Radiation therapy may be an effective alternative in patients with unresectable disease or poor surgical candidates. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-2045-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4704417 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47044172016-01-08 Successful en bloc venous resection with reconstruction and subsequent radiotherapy for 2 consecutive recurrences of intravenous leiomyoma—a case report Zhang, Ying Clark, Leslie H. Sheng, Xiugui Zhou, Chunxiao BMC Cancer Case Report BACKGROUND: Intravenous leiomyomas are a rare variant of uterine leiomyoma. Although histologically benign, these tumors are associated with a poor prognosis due to propensity for metastasis, high recurrence rate, difficulty of obtaining complete resection, and frequent extension into and along major veins. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a 43-year-old patient initially presenting with lower abdominal pain. Clinical examination revealed a large right pelvic mass that was shown by computed tomography (CT) to surround the right external iliac vein, right common iliac vein and distal inferior vena cava. The patient had a history of total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral ovarian cystectomies for uterine leiomyoma approximately 3 years prior to her presentation. Her past surgical history also included removal of an ovarian endometriosis cyst and right hydrosalpinx. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy. Operative findings included complete occlusion of the right iliac vessels and distal vena cava by a large tumor that filled the pelvis and extended to the level of the right kidney. The mass was resected en bloc with the involved veins and synthetic vascular grafts were placed. This highly technical procedure was complicated by hemorrhage requiring a total of 32 units of red blood cells and 2.0 L of plasma. Pathologic examination confirmed intravenous leiomyoma. On Immunohistochemical staining, the tumor cells were positive for CD32, CD34, Vimentin and smooth muscle actin. Eight months after this procedure, the patient again presented with an abdominal mass. She was diagnosed with a pelvic recurrence and noted to have intravascular extension into the left iliac vein and inferior vena cava. For this tumor she underwent radiation treatment with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (total dose 4500 cGy). The tumor gradually decreased in size during follow-up and became undetectable by CT. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment of intravenous leiomyoma. Radiation therapy may be an effective alternative in patients with unresectable disease or poor surgical candidates. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-2045-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2016-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4704417/ /pubmed/26739818 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-2045-8 Text en © Zhang et al. 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Case Report Zhang, Ying Clark, Leslie H. Sheng, Xiugui Zhou, Chunxiao Successful en bloc venous resection with reconstruction and subsequent radiotherapy for 2 consecutive recurrences of intravenous leiomyoma—a case report |
title | Successful en bloc venous resection with reconstruction and subsequent radiotherapy for 2 consecutive recurrences of intravenous leiomyoma—a case report |
title_full | Successful en bloc venous resection with reconstruction and subsequent radiotherapy for 2 consecutive recurrences of intravenous leiomyoma—a case report |
title_fullStr | Successful en bloc venous resection with reconstruction and subsequent radiotherapy for 2 consecutive recurrences of intravenous leiomyoma—a case report |
title_full_unstemmed | Successful en bloc venous resection with reconstruction and subsequent radiotherapy for 2 consecutive recurrences of intravenous leiomyoma—a case report |
title_short | Successful en bloc venous resection with reconstruction and subsequent radiotherapy for 2 consecutive recurrences of intravenous leiomyoma—a case report |
title_sort | successful en bloc venous resection with reconstruction and subsequent radiotherapy for 2 consecutive recurrences of intravenous leiomyoma—a case report |
topic | Case Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4704417/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26739818 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-015-2045-8 |
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