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Visual impairment attributable to uncorrected refractive error and other causes in the Ghanaian youth: The University of Cape Coast Survey

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of visual impairment attributable to refractive error and other causes in a youthful Ghanaian population. METHODS: A prospective survey of all consecutive visits by first-year tertiary students to the Optometry clinic between August, 2013 and April, 2014. Of the...

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Autores principales: Abokyi, Samuel, Ilechie, Alex, Nsiah, Peter, Darko-Takyi, Charles, Abu, Emmanuel Kwasi, Osei-Akoto, Yaw Jnr, Youfegan-Baanam, Mathurin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4705321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26025809
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2015.04.002
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author Abokyi, Samuel
Ilechie, Alex
Nsiah, Peter
Darko-Takyi, Charles
Abu, Emmanuel Kwasi
Osei-Akoto, Yaw Jnr
Youfegan-Baanam, Mathurin
author_facet Abokyi, Samuel
Ilechie, Alex
Nsiah, Peter
Darko-Takyi, Charles
Abu, Emmanuel Kwasi
Osei-Akoto, Yaw Jnr
Youfegan-Baanam, Mathurin
author_sort Abokyi, Samuel
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of visual impairment attributable to refractive error and other causes in a youthful Ghanaian population. METHODS: A prospective survey of all consecutive visits by first-year tertiary students to the Optometry clinic between August, 2013 and April, 2014. Of the 4378 first-year students aged 16–39 years enumerated, 3437 (78.5%) underwent the eye examination. The examination protocol included presenting visual acuity (PVA), ocular motility, and slit-lamp examination of the external eye, anterior segment and media, and non-dilated fundus examination. Pinhole acuity and fundus examination were performed when the PVA ≤ 6/12 in one or both eyes to determine the principal cause of the vision loss. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 21.86 years (95% CI: 21.72–21.99). The prevalence of bilateral visual impairment (BVI; PVA in the better eye ≤6/12) and unilateral visual impairment UVI; PVA in the worse eye ≤6/12) were 3.08% (95% CI: 2.56–3.72) and 0.79% (95% CI: 0.54–1.14), respectively. Among 106 participants with BVI, refractive error (96.2%) and corneal opacity (3.8%) were the causes. Of the 27 participants with UVI, refractive error (44.4%), maculopathy (18.5%) and retinal disease (14.8%) were the major causes. There was unequal distribution of BVI in the different age groups, with those above 20 years having a lesser burden. CONCLUSION: Eye screening and provision of affordable spectacle correction to the youth could be timely to eliminate visual impairment.
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spelling pubmed-47053212016-02-01 Visual impairment attributable to uncorrected refractive error and other causes in the Ghanaian youth: The University of Cape Coast Survey Abokyi, Samuel Ilechie, Alex Nsiah, Peter Darko-Takyi, Charles Abu, Emmanuel Kwasi Osei-Akoto, Yaw Jnr Youfegan-Baanam, Mathurin J Optom Original Article PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of visual impairment attributable to refractive error and other causes in a youthful Ghanaian population. METHODS: A prospective survey of all consecutive visits by first-year tertiary students to the Optometry clinic between August, 2013 and April, 2014. Of the 4378 first-year students aged 16–39 years enumerated, 3437 (78.5%) underwent the eye examination. The examination protocol included presenting visual acuity (PVA), ocular motility, and slit-lamp examination of the external eye, anterior segment and media, and non-dilated fundus examination. Pinhole acuity and fundus examination were performed when the PVA ≤ 6/12 in one or both eyes to determine the principal cause of the vision loss. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 21.86 years (95% CI: 21.72–21.99). The prevalence of bilateral visual impairment (BVI; PVA in the better eye ≤6/12) and unilateral visual impairment UVI; PVA in the worse eye ≤6/12) were 3.08% (95% CI: 2.56–3.72) and 0.79% (95% CI: 0.54–1.14), respectively. Among 106 participants with BVI, refractive error (96.2%) and corneal opacity (3.8%) were the causes. Of the 27 participants with UVI, refractive error (44.4%), maculopathy (18.5%) and retinal disease (14.8%) were the major causes. There was unequal distribution of BVI in the different age groups, with those above 20 years having a lesser burden. CONCLUSION: Eye screening and provision of affordable spectacle correction to the youth could be timely to eliminate visual impairment. Elsevier 2016 2015-05-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4705321/ /pubmed/26025809 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2015.04.002 Text en © 2014 Spanish General Council of Optometry. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Article
Abokyi, Samuel
Ilechie, Alex
Nsiah, Peter
Darko-Takyi, Charles
Abu, Emmanuel Kwasi
Osei-Akoto, Yaw Jnr
Youfegan-Baanam, Mathurin
Visual impairment attributable to uncorrected refractive error and other causes in the Ghanaian youth: The University of Cape Coast Survey
title Visual impairment attributable to uncorrected refractive error and other causes in the Ghanaian youth: The University of Cape Coast Survey
title_full Visual impairment attributable to uncorrected refractive error and other causes in the Ghanaian youth: The University of Cape Coast Survey
title_fullStr Visual impairment attributable to uncorrected refractive error and other causes in the Ghanaian youth: The University of Cape Coast Survey
title_full_unstemmed Visual impairment attributable to uncorrected refractive error and other causes in the Ghanaian youth: The University of Cape Coast Survey
title_short Visual impairment attributable to uncorrected refractive error and other causes in the Ghanaian youth: The University of Cape Coast Survey
title_sort visual impairment attributable to uncorrected refractive error and other causes in the ghanaian youth: the university of cape coast survey
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4705321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26025809
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2015.04.002
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