AB30. Effects of varicocele on male infertility

Varicoceles are an abnormal dilation of the pampiniform plexus of veins within the scrotum. Varicoceles are highly prevalent and can result in a myriad of deleterious effects on male reproduction. Numerous therapeutic options are available for correcting varicoceles, including surgical varicocelectomy radiographic venous embolization. The current literature is reviewed in an effort to answer the questions that varicocelectomy is really beneficial in the treatment of male factor infertility. Based upon the analysis, conclusions can be drawn that varicocele may cause any variation of severity in spermiogram including azoospermia. The treatment of varicocele may significantly improve spermatogenesis and renew sperm production. Adequate treatment may spare the need for TESE as preparation for ICSI in >30% of azoospermic patients. Since achievement of pregnancy in IVF units is higher when spermatogenesis is better, the treatment of varicocele is an effective medical adjunct for IVF units prior to the treatment. In men with spermatogenic failure, freshly ejaculated sperm are easier to use, and fertilization ability in ICSI is higher with normal semen than with sperm retrieved by TESE. For bilateral clinical varicoceles, microsurgical repair is a favourable option for treating couples with male factor infertility.