AB187. An up-to-date meta-analysis of coffee consumption and risk of prostate cancer

OBJECTIVE: A growing number of studies have examined the association between coffee consumption and the risk of prostate cancer, but the controversy is continuing over this relationship. To further estimate this issue, we conducted a meta-analysis based on up-to-date published relevant studies. METHODS: Eligible studies published up to February 2013 were screened and retrieved using PubMed and EMBASE as well as manual review of references. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with random effect models. Generalized least-squares trend estimation analysis to examine dose-response relationships. Meta-analyses were conducted with STATA 11.0. RESULTS: In total, 23 studies (12 case-control and 11 cohort studies) on coffee consumption with 12,554 prostate cancer patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled RR of prostate cancer for high vs. non/lowest coffee consumption was 1.10 (95% CI: 0.98-1.24). By study design, the pooled RRs were 1.22 (95% CI: 1.06-1.40) for case-control studies and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.83-1.20) for cohort studies. By geographic area, the RRs were 1.07 (95% CI: 0.85-1.35) for 9 studies from Europe, 1.08 (95% CI: 0.92-1.27) for 11 studies conducted in America; 1.36 (95% CI: 0.99-1.86) for 3 studies from Asia. According to the quality of studies, the pooled RRs for high quality and low quality were 1.19 (95% CI: 0.97-1.45), 1.28 (95% CI: 1.03-1.58), respectively, in the case-control studies; and 1.04 (95% CI: 0.85-1.28), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.57-1.32), respectively, in the cohort studies. A pooled RR for an increment of one cup per day of coffee intake was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98-1.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that coffee consumption has no remarkable effect on prostate cancer incidence. Further high quality of prospective cohort studies are required to clarify this relationship.