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Bacterioplankton Dynamics within a Large Anthropogenically Impacted Urban Estuary
The abundant and diverse microorganisms that inhabit aquatic systems are both determinants and indicators of aquatic health, providing essential ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling but also causing harmful blooms and disease in impacted habitats. Estuaries are among the most urbanized coasta...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4726783/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26858690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01438 |
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author | Jeffries, Thomas C. Schmitz Fontes, Maria L. Harrison, Daniel P. Van-Dongen-Vogels, Virginie Eyre, Bradley D. Ralph, Peter J. Seymour, Justin R. |
author_facet | Jeffries, Thomas C. Schmitz Fontes, Maria L. Harrison, Daniel P. Van-Dongen-Vogels, Virginie Eyre, Bradley D. Ralph, Peter J. Seymour, Justin R. |
author_sort | Jeffries, Thomas C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The abundant and diverse microorganisms that inhabit aquatic systems are both determinants and indicators of aquatic health, providing essential ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling but also causing harmful blooms and disease in impacted habitats. Estuaries are among the most urbanized coastal ecosystems and as a consequence experience substantial environmental pressures, providing ideal systems to study the influence of anthropogenic inputs on microbial ecology. Here we use the highly urbanized Sydney Harbor, Australia, as a model system to investigate shifts in microbial community composition and function along natural and anthopogenic physicochemical gradients, driven by stormwater inflows, tidal flushing and the input of contaminants and both naturally and anthropogenically derived nutrients. Using a combination of amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenomics, we observed strong patterns in microbial biogeography across the estuary during two periods: one of high and another of low rainfall. These patterns were driven by shifts in nutrient concentration and dissolved oxygen leading to a partitioning of microbial community composition in different areas of the harbor with different nutrient regimes. Patterns in bacterial composition were related to shifts in the abundance of Rhodobacteraceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Microbacteriaceae, Halomonadaceae, Acidomicrobiales, and Synechococcus, coupled to an enrichment of total microbial metabolic pathways including phosphorus and nitrogen metabolism, sulfate reduction, virulence, and the degradation of hydrocarbons. Additionally, community beta-diversity was partitioned between the two sampling periods. This potentially reflected the influence of shifting allochtonous nutrient inputs on microbial communities and highlighted the temporally dynamic nature of the system. Combined, our results provide insights into the simultaneous influence of natural and anthropogenic drivers on the structure and function of microbial communities within a highly urbanized aquatic ecosystem. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4726783 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47267832016-02-08 Bacterioplankton Dynamics within a Large Anthropogenically Impacted Urban Estuary Jeffries, Thomas C. Schmitz Fontes, Maria L. Harrison, Daniel P. Van-Dongen-Vogels, Virginie Eyre, Bradley D. Ralph, Peter J. Seymour, Justin R. Front Microbiol Microbiology The abundant and diverse microorganisms that inhabit aquatic systems are both determinants and indicators of aquatic health, providing essential ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling but also causing harmful blooms and disease in impacted habitats. Estuaries are among the most urbanized coastal ecosystems and as a consequence experience substantial environmental pressures, providing ideal systems to study the influence of anthropogenic inputs on microbial ecology. Here we use the highly urbanized Sydney Harbor, Australia, as a model system to investigate shifts in microbial community composition and function along natural and anthopogenic physicochemical gradients, driven by stormwater inflows, tidal flushing and the input of contaminants and both naturally and anthropogenically derived nutrients. Using a combination of amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenomics, we observed strong patterns in microbial biogeography across the estuary during two periods: one of high and another of low rainfall. These patterns were driven by shifts in nutrient concentration and dissolved oxygen leading to a partitioning of microbial community composition in different areas of the harbor with different nutrient regimes. Patterns in bacterial composition were related to shifts in the abundance of Rhodobacteraceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Microbacteriaceae, Halomonadaceae, Acidomicrobiales, and Synechococcus, coupled to an enrichment of total microbial metabolic pathways including phosphorus and nitrogen metabolism, sulfate reduction, virulence, and the degradation of hydrocarbons. Additionally, community beta-diversity was partitioned between the two sampling periods. This potentially reflected the influence of shifting allochtonous nutrient inputs on microbial communities and highlighted the temporally dynamic nature of the system. Combined, our results provide insights into the simultaneous influence of natural and anthropogenic drivers on the structure and function of microbial communities within a highly urbanized aquatic ecosystem. Frontiers Media S.A. 2016-01-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4726783/ /pubmed/26858690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01438 Text en Copyright © 2016 Jeffries, Schmitz Fontes, Harrison, Van-Dongen-Vogels, Eyre, Ralph and Seymour. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Jeffries, Thomas C. Schmitz Fontes, Maria L. Harrison, Daniel P. Van-Dongen-Vogels, Virginie Eyre, Bradley D. Ralph, Peter J. Seymour, Justin R. Bacterioplankton Dynamics within a Large Anthropogenically Impacted Urban Estuary |
title | Bacterioplankton Dynamics within a Large Anthropogenically Impacted Urban Estuary |
title_full | Bacterioplankton Dynamics within a Large Anthropogenically Impacted Urban Estuary |
title_fullStr | Bacterioplankton Dynamics within a Large Anthropogenically Impacted Urban Estuary |
title_full_unstemmed | Bacterioplankton Dynamics within a Large Anthropogenically Impacted Urban Estuary |
title_short | Bacterioplankton Dynamics within a Large Anthropogenically Impacted Urban Estuary |
title_sort | bacterioplankton dynamics within a large anthropogenically impacted urban estuary |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4726783/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26858690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01438 |
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