Cargando…

Fatty Acid Desaturases, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Regulation, and Biotechnological Advances

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered to be critical nutrients to regulate human health and development, and numerous fatty acid desaturases play key roles in synthesizing PUFAs. Given the lack of delta-12 and -15 desaturases and the low levels of conversion to PUFAs, humans must consum...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lee, Je Min, Lee, Hyungjae, Kang, SeokBeom, Park, Woo Jung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4728637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26742061
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8010023
_version_ 1782412155115536384
author Lee, Je Min
Lee, Hyungjae
Kang, SeokBeom
Park, Woo Jung
author_facet Lee, Je Min
Lee, Hyungjae
Kang, SeokBeom
Park, Woo Jung
author_sort Lee, Je Min
collection PubMed
description Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered to be critical nutrients to regulate human health and development, and numerous fatty acid desaturases play key roles in synthesizing PUFAs. Given the lack of delta-12 and -15 desaturases and the low levels of conversion to PUFAs, humans must consume some omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in their diet. Many studies on fatty acid desaturases as well as PUFAs have shown that fatty acid desaturase genes are closely related to different human physiological conditions. Since the first front-end desaturases from cyanobacteria were cloned, numerous desaturase genes have been identified and animals and plants have been genetically engineered to produce PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Recently, a biotechnological approach has been used to develop clinical treatments for human physiological conditions, including cancers and neurogenetic disorders. Thus, understanding the functions and regulation of PUFAs associated with human health and development by using biotechnology may facilitate the engineering of more advanced PUFA production and provide new insights into the complexity of fatty acid metabolism.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4728637
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2016
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-47286372016-02-08 Fatty Acid Desaturases, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Regulation, and Biotechnological Advances Lee, Je Min Lee, Hyungjae Kang, SeokBeom Park, Woo Jung Nutrients Review Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered to be critical nutrients to regulate human health and development, and numerous fatty acid desaturases play key roles in synthesizing PUFAs. Given the lack of delta-12 and -15 desaturases and the low levels of conversion to PUFAs, humans must consume some omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in their diet. Many studies on fatty acid desaturases as well as PUFAs have shown that fatty acid desaturase genes are closely related to different human physiological conditions. Since the first front-end desaturases from cyanobacteria were cloned, numerous desaturase genes have been identified and animals and plants have been genetically engineered to produce PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Recently, a biotechnological approach has been used to develop clinical treatments for human physiological conditions, including cancers and neurogenetic disorders. Thus, understanding the functions and regulation of PUFAs associated with human health and development by using biotechnology may facilitate the engineering of more advanced PUFA production and provide new insights into the complexity of fatty acid metabolism. MDPI 2016-01-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4728637/ /pubmed/26742061 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8010023 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Lee, Je Min
Lee, Hyungjae
Kang, SeokBeom
Park, Woo Jung
Fatty Acid Desaturases, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Regulation, and Biotechnological Advances
title Fatty Acid Desaturases, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Regulation, and Biotechnological Advances
title_full Fatty Acid Desaturases, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Regulation, and Biotechnological Advances
title_fullStr Fatty Acid Desaturases, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Regulation, and Biotechnological Advances
title_full_unstemmed Fatty Acid Desaturases, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Regulation, and Biotechnological Advances
title_short Fatty Acid Desaturases, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Regulation, and Biotechnological Advances
title_sort fatty acid desaturases, polyunsaturated fatty acid regulation, and biotechnological advances
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4728637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26742061
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu8010023
work_keys_str_mv AT leejemin fattyaciddesaturasespolyunsaturatedfattyacidregulationandbiotechnologicaladvances
AT leehyungjae fattyaciddesaturasespolyunsaturatedfattyacidregulationandbiotechnologicaladvances
AT kangseokbeom fattyaciddesaturasespolyunsaturatedfattyacidregulationandbiotechnologicaladvances
AT parkwoojung fattyaciddesaturasespolyunsaturatedfattyacidregulationandbiotechnologicaladvances