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The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union
Background: From 2008 on, a severe economic crisis (EC) has characterized the European Union (E.U.). However, changes in substance use behavioral patterns as a result of the economic crisis in Europe, have been poorly reflected upon, and underlying mechanisms remain to be identified; Methods: In thi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4730513/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26771628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010122 |
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author | Dom, Geert Samochowiec, Jerzy Evans-Lacko, Sara Wahlbeck, Kristian Van Hal, Guido McDaid, David |
author_facet | Dom, Geert Samochowiec, Jerzy Evans-Lacko, Sara Wahlbeck, Kristian Van Hal, Guido McDaid, David |
author_sort | Dom, Geert |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: From 2008 on, a severe economic crisis (EC) has characterized the European Union (E.U.). However, changes in substance use behavioral patterns as a result of the economic crisis in Europe, have been poorly reflected upon, and underlying mechanisms remain to be identified; Methods: In this review we explore and systematize the available data on the effect of the 2008 economic crisis on patterns of substance use and related disorders, within the E.U. countries; Results: The results show that effects of the recession need to be differentiated. A number of studies point to reductions in population’s overall substance use. In contrast, an increase in harmful use and negative effects is found within specific subgroups within the society. Risk factors include job-loss and long-term unemployment, and pre-existing vulnerabilities. Finally, our findings point to differences between types of substances in their response on economic crisis periods; Conclusions: the effects of the 2008 economic crisis on substance use patterns within countries of the European Union are two-sided. Next to a reduction in a population’s overall substance use, a number of vulnerable subgroups experience serious negative effects. These groups are in need of specific attention and support, given that there is a real risk that they will continue to suffer negative health effects long after the economic downfall has formally been ended. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4730513 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47305132016-02-11 The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union Dom, Geert Samochowiec, Jerzy Evans-Lacko, Sara Wahlbeck, Kristian Van Hal, Guido McDaid, David Int J Environ Res Public Health Review Background: From 2008 on, a severe economic crisis (EC) has characterized the European Union (E.U.). However, changes in substance use behavioral patterns as a result of the economic crisis in Europe, have been poorly reflected upon, and underlying mechanisms remain to be identified; Methods: In this review we explore and systematize the available data on the effect of the 2008 economic crisis on patterns of substance use and related disorders, within the E.U. countries; Results: The results show that effects of the recession need to be differentiated. A number of studies point to reductions in population’s overall substance use. In contrast, an increase in harmful use and negative effects is found within specific subgroups within the society. Risk factors include job-loss and long-term unemployment, and pre-existing vulnerabilities. Finally, our findings point to differences between types of substances in their response on economic crisis periods; Conclusions: the effects of the 2008 economic crisis on substance use patterns within countries of the European Union are two-sided. Next to a reduction in a population’s overall substance use, a number of vulnerable subgroups experience serious negative effects. These groups are in need of specific attention and support, given that there is a real risk that they will continue to suffer negative health effects long after the economic downfall has formally been ended. MDPI 2016-01-13 2016-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4730513/ /pubmed/26771628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010122 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Dom, Geert Samochowiec, Jerzy Evans-Lacko, Sara Wahlbeck, Kristian Van Hal, Guido McDaid, David The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union |
title | The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union |
title_full | The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union |
title_fullStr | The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union |
title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union |
title_short | The Impact of the 2008 Economic Crisis on Substance Use Patterns in the Countries of the European Union |
title_sort | impact of the 2008 economic crisis on substance use patterns in the countries of the european union |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4730513/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26771628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010122 |
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