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High intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity

OBJECTIVE: Endurance exercise training reduces insulin resistance, adipose tissue inflammation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), an effect often associated with modest weight loss. Recent studies have indicated that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) lowers blood glucose in individ...

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Autores principales: Marcinko, Katarina, Sikkema, Sarah R., Samaan, M. Constantine, Kemp, Bruce E., Fullerton, Morgan D., Steinberg, Gregory R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4731736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26909307
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2015.09.006
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author Marcinko, Katarina
Sikkema, Sarah R.
Samaan, M. Constantine
Kemp, Bruce E.
Fullerton, Morgan D.
Steinberg, Gregory R.
author_facet Marcinko, Katarina
Sikkema, Sarah R.
Samaan, M. Constantine
Kemp, Bruce E.
Fullerton, Morgan D.
Steinberg, Gregory R.
author_sort Marcinko, Katarina
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Endurance exercise training reduces insulin resistance, adipose tissue inflammation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), an effect often associated with modest weight loss. Recent studies have indicated that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) lowers blood glucose in individuals with type 2 diabetes independently of weight loss; however, the organs affected and mechanisms mediating the glucose lowering effects are not known. Intense exercise increases phosphorylation and inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in muscle, adipose tissue and liver. AMPK and ACC are key enzymes regulating fatty acid metabolism, liver fat content, adipose tissue inflammation and insulin sensitivity but the importance of this pathway in regulating insulin sensitivity with HIIT is unknown. METHODS: In the current study, the effects of 6 weeks of HIIT were examined using obese mice with serine–alanine knock-in mutations on the AMPK phosphorylation sites of ACC1 and ACC2 (AccDKI) or wild-type (WT) controls. RESULTS: HIIT lowered blood glucose and increased exercise capacity, food intake, basal activity levels, carbohydrate oxidation and liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed WT and AccDKI mice. These changes occurred independently of weight loss or reductions in adiposity, inflammation and liver lipid content. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that HIIT lowers blood glucose levels by improving adipose and liver insulin sensitivity independently of changes in adiposity, adipose tissue inflammation, liver lipid content or AMPK phosphorylation of ACC.
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spelling pubmed-47317362016-02-23 High intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity Marcinko, Katarina Sikkema, Sarah R. Samaan, M. Constantine Kemp, Bruce E. Fullerton, Morgan D. Steinberg, Gregory R. Mol Metab Original Article OBJECTIVE: Endurance exercise training reduces insulin resistance, adipose tissue inflammation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), an effect often associated with modest weight loss. Recent studies have indicated that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) lowers blood glucose in individuals with type 2 diabetes independently of weight loss; however, the organs affected and mechanisms mediating the glucose lowering effects are not known. Intense exercise increases phosphorylation and inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in muscle, adipose tissue and liver. AMPK and ACC are key enzymes regulating fatty acid metabolism, liver fat content, adipose tissue inflammation and insulin sensitivity but the importance of this pathway in regulating insulin sensitivity with HIIT is unknown. METHODS: In the current study, the effects of 6 weeks of HIIT were examined using obese mice with serine–alanine knock-in mutations on the AMPK phosphorylation sites of ACC1 and ACC2 (AccDKI) or wild-type (WT) controls. RESULTS: HIIT lowered blood glucose and increased exercise capacity, food intake, basal activity levels, carbohydrate oxidation and liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed WT and AccDKI mice. These changes occurred independently of weight loss or reductions in adiposity, inflammation and liver lipid content. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that HIIT lowers blood glucose levels by improving adipose and liver insulin sensitivity independently of changes in adiposity, adipose tissue inflammation, liver lipid content or AMPK phosphorylation of ACC. Elsevier 2015-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4731736/ /pubmed/26909307 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2015.09.006 Text en © 2015 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Article
Marcinko, Katarina
Sikkema, Sarah R.
Samaan, M. Constantine
Kemp, Bruce E.
Fullerton, Morgan D.
Steinberg, Gregory R.
High intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity
title High intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity
title_full High intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity
title_fullStr High intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity
title_full_unstemmed High intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity
title_short High intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity
title_sort high intensity interval training improves liver and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4731736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26909307
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2015.09.006
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