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Interplay between type IV pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of Myxococcus xanthus

Myxococcus xanthus performs coordinated social motility of cell groups through the extension and retraction of type IV pili (TFP) on solid surfaces, which requires both TFP and exopolysaccharides (EPS). By submerging cells in a liquid medium containing 1% methylcellulose, M. xanthus TFP-driven motil...

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Autores principales: Hu, Wei, Gibiansky, Maxsim L., Wang, Jing, Wang, Chuandong, Lux, Renate, Li, Yuezhong, Wong, Gerard C. L., Shi, Wenyuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4731782/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26821939
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep17790
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author Hu, Wei
Gibiansky, Maxsim L.
Wang, Jing
Wang, Chuandong
Lux, Renate
Li, Yuezhong
Wong, Gerard C. L.
Shi, Wenyuan
author_facet Hu, Wei
Gibiansky, Maxsim L.
Wang, Jing
Wang, Chuandong
Lux, Renate
Li, Yuezhong
Wong, Gerard C. L.
Shi, Wenyuan
author_sort Hu, Wei
collection PubMed
description Myxococcus xanthus performs coordinated social motility of cell groups through the extension and retraction of type IV pili (TFP) on solid surfaces, which requires both TFP and exopolysaccharides (EPS). By submerging cells in a liquid medium containing 1% methylcellulose, M. xanthus TFP-driven motility was induced in isolated cells and independently of EPS. We measured and analyzed the movements of cells using community tracking algorithms, which combine single-cell resolution with statistics from large sample populations. Cells without significant multi-cellular social interactions have surprisingly complex behaviors: EPS(−) cells exhibited a pronounced increase in the tendency to stand vertically and moved with qualitatively different characteristics than other cells. A decrease in the EPS secretion of cells correlates with a higher instantaneous velocity, but with lower directional persistence in trajectories. Moreover, EPS(−) cells do not adhere to the surface as strongly as wild-type and EPS overproducing cells, and display a greater tendency to have large deviations between the direction of movement and the cell axis, with cell velocity showing only minimal dependence on the direction of movement. The emerging picture is that EPS does not simply provide rheological resistance to a single mechanism but rather that the availability of EPS impacts motility pattern.
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spelling pubmed-47317822016-02-04 Interplay between type IV pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of Myxococcus xanthus Hu, Wei Gibiansky, Maxsim L. Wang, Jing Wang, Chuandong Lux, Renate Li, Yuezhong Wong, Gerard C. L. Shi, Wenyuan Sci Rep Article Myxococcus xanthus performs coordinated social motility of cell groups through the extension and retraction of type IV pili (TFP) on solid surfaces, which requires both TFP and exopolysaccharides (EPS). By submerging cells in a liquid medium containing 1% methylcellulose, M. xanthus TFP-driven motility was induced in isolated cells and independently of EPS. We measured and analyzed the movements of cells using community tracking algorithms, which combine single-cell resolution with statistics from large sample populations. Cells without significant multi-cellular social interactions have surprisingly complex behaviors: EPS(−) cells exhibited a pronounced increase in the tendency to stand vertically and moved with qualitatively different characteristics than other cells. A decrease in the EPS secretion of cells correlates with a higher instantaneous velocity, but with lower directional persistence in trajectories. Moreover, EPS(−) cells do not adhere to the surface as strongly as wild-type and EPS overproducing cells, and display a greater tendency to have large deviations between the direction of movement and the cell axis, with cell velocity showing only minimal dependence on the direction of movement. The emerging picture is that EPS does not simply provide rheological resistance to a single mechanism but rather that the availability of EPS impacts motility pattern. Nature Publishing Group 2016-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC4731782/ /pubmed/26821939 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep17790 Text en Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
spellingShingle Article
Hu, Wei
Gibiansky, Maxsim L.
Wang, Jing
Wang, Chuandong
Lux, Renate
Li, Yuezhong
Wong, Gerard C. L.
Shi, Wenyuan
Interplay between type IV pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of Myxococcus xanthus
title Interplay between type IV pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of Myxococcus xanthus
title_full Interplay between type IV pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of Myxococcus xanthus
title_fullStr Interplay between type IV pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of Myxococcus xanthus
title_full_unstemmed Interplay between type IV pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of Myxococcus xanthus
title_short Interplay between type IV pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of Myxococcus xanthus
title_sort interplay between type iv pili activity and exopolysaccharides secretion controls motility patterns in single cells of myxococcus xanthus
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4731782/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26821939
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep17790
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