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Comparison of O-Antigen Gene Clusters of All O-Serogroups of Escherichia coli and Proposal for Adopting a New Nomenclature for O-Typing

Escherichia coli strains are classified based on O-antigens that are components of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the cell envelope. O-antigens are important virulence factors, targets of both the innate and adaptive immune system, and play a role in host-pathogen interactions. Because they are hig...

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Autores principales: DebRoy, Chitrita, Fratamico, Pina M., Yan, Xianghe, Baranzoni, GianMarco, Liu, Yanhong, Needleman, David S., Tebbs, Robert, O'Connell, Catherine D., Allred, Adam, Swimley, Michelle, Mwangi, Michael, Kapur, Vivek, Raygoza Garay, Juan A., Roberts, Elisabeth L., Katani, Robab
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4732683/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26824864
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147434
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author DebRoy, Chitrita
Fratamico, Pina M.
Yan, Xianghe
Baranzoni, GianMarco
Liu, Yanhong
Needleman, David S.
Tebbs, Robert
O'Connell, Catherine D.
Allred, Adam
Swimley, Michelle
Mwangi, Michael
Kapur, Vivek
Raygoza Garay, Juan A.
Roberts, Elisabeth L.
Katani, Robab
author_facet DebRoy, Chitrita
Fratamico, Pina M.
Yan, Xianghe
Baranzoni, GianMarco
Liu, Yanhong
Needleman, David S.
Tebbs, Robert
O'Connell, Catherine D.
Allred, Adam
Swimley, Michelle
Mwangi, Michael
Kapur, Vivek
Raygoza Garay, Juan A.
Roberts, Elisabeth L.
Katani, Robab
author_sort DebRoy, Chitrita
collection PubMed
description Escherichia coli strains are classified based on O-antigens that are components of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the cell envelope. O-antigens are important virulence factors, targets of both the innate and adaptive immune system, and play a role in host-pathogen interactions. Because they are highly immunogenic and display antigenic specificity unique for each strain, O-antigens are the biomarkers for designating O-types. Immunologically, 185 O-serogroups and 11 OX-groups exist for classification. Conventional serotyping for O-typing entails agglutination reactions between the O-antigen and antisera generated against each O-group. The procedure is labor intensive, not always accurate, and exhibits equivocal results. In this report, we present the sequences of 71 O-antigen gene clusters (O-AGC) and a comparison of all 196 O- and OX-groups. Many of the designated O-types, applied for classification over several decades, exhibited similar nucleotide sequences of the O-AGCs and cross-reacted serologically. Some O-AGCs carried insertion sequences and others had only a few nucleotide differences between them. Thus, based on these findings, it is proposed that several of the E. coli O-groups may be merged. Knowledge of the O-AGC sequences facilitates the development of molecular diagnostic platforms that are rapid, accurate, and reliable that can replace conventional serotyping. Additionally, with the scientific knowledge presented, new frontiers in the discovery of biomarkers, understanding the roles of O-antigens in the innate and adaptive immune system and pathogenesis, the development of glycoconjugate vaccines, and other investigations, can be explored.
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spelling pubmed-47326832016-02-04 Comparison of O-Antigen Gene Clusters of All O-Serogroups of Escherichia coli and Proposal for Adopting a New Nomenclature for O-Typing DebRoy, Chitrita Fratamico, Pina M. Yan, Xianghe Baranzoni, GianMarco Liu, Yanhong Needleman, David S. Tebbs, Robert O'Connell, Catherine D. Allred, Adam Swimley, Michelle Mwangi, Michael Kapur, Vivek Raygoza Garay, Juan A. Roberts, Elisabeth L. Katani, Robab PLoS One Research Article Escherichia coli strains are classified based on O-antigens that are components of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the cell envelope. O-antigens are important virulence factors, targets of both the innate and adaptive immune system, and play a role in host-pathogen interactions. Because they are highly immunogenic and display antigenic specificity unique for each strain, O-antigens are the biomarkers for designating O-types. Immunologically, 185 O-serogroups and 11 OX-groups exist for classification. Conventional serotyping for O-typing entails agglutination reactions between the O-antigen and antisera generated against each O-group. The procedure is labor intensive, not always accurate, and exhibits equivocal results. In this report, we present the sequences of 71 O-antigen gene clusters (O-AGC) and a comparison of all 196 O- and OX-groups. Many of the designated O-types, applied for classification over several decades, exhibited similar nucleotide sequences of the O-AGCs and cross-reacted serologically. Some O-AGCs carried insertion sequences and others had only a few nucleotide differences between them. Thus, based on these findings, it is proposed that several of the E. coli O-groups may be merged. Knowledge of the O-AGC sequences facilitates the development of molecular diagnostic platforms that are rapid, accurate, and reliable that can replace conventional serotyping. Additionally, with the scientific knowledge presented, new frontiers in the discovery of biomarkers, understanding the roles of O-antigens in the innate and adaptive immune system and pathogenesis, the development of glycoconjugate vaccines, and other investigations, can be explored. Public Library of Science 2016-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC4732683/ /pubmed/26824864 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147434 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
DebRoy, Chitrita
Fratamico, Pina M.
Yan, Xianghe
Baranzoni, GianMarco
Liu, Yanhong
Needleman, David S.
Tebbs, Robert
O'Connell, Catherine D.
Allred, Adam
Swimley, Michelle
Mwangi, Michael
Kapur, Vivek
Raygoza Garay, Juan A.
Roberts, Elisabeth L.
Katani, Robab
Comparison of O-Antigen Gene Clusters of All O-Serogroups of Escherichia coli and Proposal for Adopting a New Nomenclature for O-Typing
title Comparison of O-Antigen Gene Clusters of All O-Serogroups of Escherichia coli and Proposal for Adopting a New Nomenclature for O-Typing
title_full Comparison of O-Antigen Gene Clusters of All O-Serogroups of Escherichia coli and Proposal for Adopting a New Nomenclature for O-Typing
title_fullStr Comparison of O-Antigen Gene Clusters of All O-Serogroups of Escherichia coli and Proposal for Adopting a New Nomenclature for O-Typing
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of O-Antigen Gene Clusters of All O-Serogroups of Escherichia coli and Proposal for Adopting a New Nomenclature for O-Typing
title_short Comparison of O-Antigen Gene Clusters of All O-Serogroups of Escherichia coli and Proposal for Adopting a New Nomenclature for O-Typing
title_sort comparison of o-antigen gene clusters of all o-serogroups of escherichia coli and proposal for adopting a new nomenclature for o-typing
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4732683/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26824864
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147434
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