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Neuroplasticity and Repair in Rodent Neurotoxic Models of Spinal Motoneuron Disease
Retrogradely transported toxins are widely used to set up protocols for selective lesioning of the nervous system. These methods could be collectively named “molecular neurosurgery” because they are able to destroy specific types of neurons by using targeted neurotoxins. Lectins such as ricin, volke...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2016
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4735933/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26862439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2769735 |
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author | Gulino, Rosario |
author_facet | Gulino, Rosario |
author_sort | Gulino, Rosario |
collection | PubMed |
description | Retrogradely transported toxins are widely used to set up protocols for selective lesioning of the nervous system. These methods could be collectively named “molecular neurosurgery” because they are able to destroy specific types of neurons by using targeted neurotoxins. Lectins such as ricin, volkensin, or modeccin and neuropeptide- or antibody-conjugated saporin represent the most effective toxins used for neuronal lesioning. Some of these specific neurotoxins could be used to induce selective depletion of spinal motoneurons. In this review, we extensively describe two rodent models of motoneuron degeneration induced by volkensin or cholera toxin-B saporin. In particular, we focus on the possible experimental use of these models to mimic neurodegenerative diseases, to dissect the molecular mechanisms of neuroplastic changes underlying the spontaneous functional recovery after motoneuron death, and finally to test different strategies of neural repair. The potential clinical applications of these approaches are also discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4735933 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-47359332016-02-09 Neuroplasticity and Repair in Rodent Neurotoxic Models of Spinal Motoneuron Disease Gulino, Rosario Neural Plast Review Article Retrogradely transported toxins are widely used to set up protocols for selective lesioning of the nervous system. These methods could be collectively named “molecular neurosurgery” because they are able to destroy specific types of neurons by using targeted neurotoxins. Lectins such as ricin, volkensin, or modeccin and neuropeptide- or antibody-conjugated saporin represent the most effective toxins used for neuronal lesioning. Some of these specific neurotoxins could be used to induce selective depletion of spinal motoneurons. In this review, we extensively describe two rodent models of motoneuron degeneration induced by volkensin or cholera toxin-B saporin. In particular, we focus on the possible experimental use of these models to mimic neurodegenerative diseases, to dissect the molecular mechanisms of neuroplastic changes underlying the spontaneous functional recovery after motoneuron death, and finally to test different strategies of neural repair. The potential clinical applications of these approaches are also discussed. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC4735933/ /pubmed/26862439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2769735 Text en Copyright © 2016 Rosario Gulino. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Gulino, Rosario Neuroplasticity and Repair in Rodent Neurotoxic Models of Spinal Motoneuron Disease |
title | Neuroplasticity and Repair in Rodent Neurotoxic Models of Spinal Motoneuron Disease |
title_full | Neuroplasticity and Repair in Rodent Neurotoxic Models of Spinal Motoneuron Disease |
title_fullStr | Neuroplasticity and Repair in Rodent Neurotoxic Models of Spinal Motoneuron Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Neuroplasticity and Repair in Rodent Neurotoxic Models of Spinal Motoneuron Disease |
title_short | Neuroplasticity and Repair in Rodent Neurotoxic Models of Spinal Motoneuron Disease |
title_sort | neuroplasticity and repair in rodent neurotoxic models of spinal motoneuron disease |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4735933/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26862439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2769735 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT gulinorosario neuroplasticityandrepairinrodentneurotoxicmodelsofspinalmotoneurondisease |