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SUVH1, a Su(var)3–9 family member, promotes the expression of genes targeted by DNA methylation

Transposable elements are found throughout the genomes of all organisms. Repressive marks such as DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methylation silence these elements and maintain genome integrity. However, how silencing mechanisms are themselves regulated to avoid the silencing of gene...

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Autores principales: Li, Shaofang, Liu, Lin, Li, Shengben, Gao, Lei, Zhao, Yuanyuan, Kim, Yun Ju, Chen, Xuemei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26400170
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv958
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author Li, Shaofang
Liu, Lin
Li, Shengben
Gao, Lei
Zhao, Yuanyuan
Kim, Yun Ju
Chen, Xuemei
author_facet Li, Shaofang
Liu, Lin
Li, Shengben
Gao, Lei
Zhao, Yuanyuan
Kim, Yun Ju
Chen, Xuemei
author_sort Li, Shaofang
collection PubMed
description Transposable elements are found throughout the genomes of all organisms. Repressive marks such as DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methylation silence these elements and maintain genome integrity. However, how silencing mechanisms are themselves regulated to avoid the silencing of genes remains unclear. Here, an anti-silencing factor was identified using a forward genetic screen on a reporter line that harbors a LUCIFERASE (LUC) gene driven by a promoter that undergoes DNA methylation. SUVH1, a Su(var)3–9 homolog, was identified as a factor promoting the expression of the LUC gene. Treatment with a cytosine methylation inhibitor completely suppressed the LUC expression defects of suvh1, indicating that SUVH1 is dispensable for LUC expression in the absence of DNA methylation. SUVH1 also promotes the expression of several endogenous genes with promoter DNA methylation. However, the suvh1 mutation did not alter DNA methylation levels at the LUC transgene or on a genome-wide scale; thus, SUVH1 functions downstream of DNA methylation. Histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) trimethylation was reduced in suvh1; in contrast, H3K9 methylation levels remained unchanged. This work has uncovered a novel, anti-silencing function for a member of the Su(var)3–9 family that has previously been associated with silencing through H3K9 methylation.
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spelling pubmed-47371852016-02-03 SUVH1, a Su(var)3–9 family member, promotes the expression of genes targeted by DNA methylation Li, Shaofang Liu, Lin Li, Shengben Gao, Lei Zhao, Yuanyuan Kim, Yun Ju Chen, Xuemei Nucleic Acids Res Gene regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics Transposable elements are found throughout the genomes of all organisms. Repressive marks such as DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methylation silence these elements and maintain genome integrity. However, how silencing mechanisms are themselves regulated to avoid the silencing of genes remains unclear. Here, an anti-silencing factor was identified using a forward genetic screen on a reporter line that harbors a LUCIFERASE (LUC) gene driven by a promoter that undergoes DNA methylation. SUVH1, a Su(var)3–9 homolog, was identified as a factor promoting the expression of the LUC gene. Treatment with a cytosine methylation inhibitor completely suppressed the LUC expression defects of suvh1, indicating that SUVH1 is dispensable for LUC expression in the absence of DNA methylation. SUVH1 also promotes the expression of several endogenous genes with promoter DNA methylation. However, the suvh1 mutation did not alter DNA methylation levels at the LUC transgene or on a genome-wide scale; thus, SUVH1 functions downstream of DNA methylation. Histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) trimethylation was reduced in suvh1; in contrast, H3K9 methylation levels remained unchanged. This work has uncovered a novel, anti-silencing function for a member of the Su(var)3–9 family that has previously been associated with silencing through H3K9 methylation. Oxford University Press 2016-01-29 2015-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4737185/ /pubmed/26400170 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv958 Text en © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Gene regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics
Li, Shaofang
Liu, Lin
Li, Shengben
Gao, Lei
Zhao, Yuanyuan
Kim, Yun Ju
Chen, Xuemei
SUVH1, a Su(var)3–9 family member, promotes the expression of genes targeted by DNA methylation
title SUVH1, a Su(var)3–9 family member, promotes the expression of genes targeted by DNA methylation
title_full SUVH1, a Su(var)3–9 family member, promotes the expression of genes targeted by DNA methylation
title_fullStr SUVH1, a Su(var)3–9 family member, promotes the expression of genes targeted by DNA methylation
title_full_unstemmed SUVH1, a Su(var)3–9 family member, promotes the expression of genes targeted by DNA methylation
title_short SUVH1, a Su(var)3–9 family member, promotes the expression of genes targeted by DNA methylation
title_sort suvh1, a su(var)3–9 family member, promotes the expression of genes targeted by dna methylation
topic Gene regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26400170
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv958
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