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Clinical Pain and Neuropsychological Functioning in Parkinson's Disease: Are They Related?

Introduction. Pain is an important nonmotor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Brain areas such as the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex play an important role in the processing of pain. Since these brain areas are also involved in cognitive functioning, for example, episodic memory and e...

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Autores principales: Engels, Gwenda, Weeda, Wouter D., Vlaar, Annemarie M. M., Weinstein, Henry C., Scherder, Erik J. A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737464/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26881181
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8675930
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author Engels, Gwenda
Weeda, Wouter D.
Vlaar, Annemarie M. M.
Weinstein, Henry C.
Scherder, Erik J. A.
author_facet Engels, Gwenda
Weeda, Wouter D.
Vlaar, Annemarie M. M.
Weinstein, Henry C.
Scherder, Erik J. A.
author_sort Engels, Gwenda
collection PubMed
description Introduction. Pain is an important nonmotor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Brain areas such as the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex play an important role in the processing of pain. Since these brain areas are also involved in cognitive functioning, for example, episodic memory and executive functions, respectively, we examined whether a relationship exists between cognitive functioning and spontaneous pain in PD. Methods. Forty-eight patients with PD and 57 controls participated. Cognitive functioning was measured by a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. Both the sensory-discriminative aspect and the motivational-affective aspect of pain were assessed. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess a relation between cognition and pain. Results. Cognition was related to neither the sensory nor the affective aspect of pain in our sample of PD patients. Variance in pain measures was primarily explained by symptoms of depression and anxiety. Discussion. The difference between the affective and the sensory aspect of pain might be due to the neuropathology of PD, which is mainly present in areas processing the affective aspect of pain. Pain treatment might improve when mood is taken into account. We provide several explanations for the lack of an association between pain and cognition.
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spelling pubmed-47374642016-02-15 Clinical Pain and Neuropsychological Functioning in Parkinson's Disease: Are They Related? Engels, Gwenda Weeda, Wouter D. Vlaar, Annemarie M. M. Weinstein, Henry C. Scherder, Erik J. A. Parkinsons Dis Research Article Introduction. Pain is an important nonmotor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Brain areas such as the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex play an important role in the processing of pain. Since these brain areas are also involved in cognitive functioning, for example, episodic memory and executive functions, respectively, we examined whether a relationship exists between cognitive functioning and spontaneous pain in PD. Methods. Forty-eight patients with PD and 57 controls participated. Cognitive functioning was measured by a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. Both the sensory-discriminative aspect and the motivational-affective aspect of pain were assessed. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess a relation between cognition and pain. Results. Cognition was related to neither the sensory nor the affective aspect of pain in our sample of PD patients. Variance in pain measures was primarily explained by symptoms of depression and anxiety. Discussion. The difference between the affective and the sensory aspect of pain might be due to the neuropathology of PD, which is mainly present in areas processing the affective aspect of pain. Pain treatment might improve when mood is taken into account. We provide several explanations for the lack of an association between pain and cognition. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 2016-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4737464/ /pubmed/26881181 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8675930 Text en Copyright © 2016 Gwenda Engels et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Engels, Gwenda
Weeda, Wouter D.
Vlaar, Annemarie M. M.
Weinstein, Henry C.
Scherder, Erik J. A.
Clinical Pain and Neuropsychological Functioning in Parkinson's Disease: Are They Related?
title Clinical Pain and Neuropsychological Functioning in Parkinson's Disease: Are They Related?
title_full Clinical Pain and Neuropsychological Functioning in Parkinson's Disease: Are They Related?
title_fullStr Clinical Pain and Neuropsychological Functioning in Parkinson's Disease: Are They Related?
title_full_unstemmed Clinical Pain and Neuropsychological Functioning in Parkinson's Disease: Are They Related?
title_short Clinical Pain and Neuropsychological Functioning in Parkinson's Disease: Are They Related?
title_sort clinical pain and neuropsychological functioning in parkinson's disease: are they related?
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737464/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26881181
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8675930
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