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Comparative morphology of the forewing base articulation in Sternorrhyncha compared with a representative of Fulgoromorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera)

The forewing articulation of single species from each of the four subgroups of Sternorrhyncha (Aleyrodomorpha, Aphidomorpha, Coccomorpha, Psyllomorpha) was examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The species were compared with a species of Cixiidae (Fulgoromorpha), as an outgroup of St...

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Autores principales: Franielczyk, Barbara, Wegierek, Piotr
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4742497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26893533
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00435-015-0293-4
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author Franielczyk, Barbara
Wegierek, Piotr
author_facet Franielczyk, Barbara
Wegierek, Piotr
author_sort Franielczyk, Barbara
collection PubMed
description The forewing articulation of single species from each of the four subgroups of Sternorrhyncha (Aleyrodomorpha, Aphidomorpha, Coccomorpha, Psyllomorpha) was examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The species were compared with a species of Cixiidae (Fulgoromorpha), as an outgroup of Sternorrhyncha. We present the results of a comparative analysis of the forewing articulation in these five groups, propose a standardized terminology and compare our findings with those previously reported. The wing base of all examined species is composed of the following structures: anterior and posterior notal wing process, first, second, and third axillary sclerites, tegula, and axillary cord. The number of elements included in the wing base and the surrounding area is the greatest in Cacopsyllamali, the most complicated species from Sternorrhyncha. Based on the shape of axillary sclerites and the number of elements forming the wing base environment, Orthezia urticae (Coccomorpha) and Cixius nervosus (Fulgoromorpha) are the most similar. Among Sternorrhyncha, the most similar axillaries are those of Aphis fabae and Orthezia urticae, which is congruent with existing classifications. In this paper we show that the four groups from Sternorrhyncha exhibit their own distinct wing base morphology.
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spelling pubmed-47424972016-02-16 Comparative morphology of the forewing base articulation in Sternorrhyncha compared with a representative of Fulgoromorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera) Franielczyk, Barbara Wegierek, Piotr Zoomorphology Original Paper The forewing articulation of single species from each of the four subgroups of Sternorrhyncha (Aleyrodomorpha, Aphidomorpha, Coccomorpha, Psyllomorpha) was examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The species were compared with a species of Cixiidae (Fulgoromorpha), as an outgroup of Sternorrhyncha. We present the results of a comparative analysis of the forewing articulation in these five groups, propose a standardized terminology and compare our findings with those previously reported. The wing base of all examined species is composed of the following structures: anterior and posterior notal wing process, first, second, and third axillary sclerites, tegula, and axillary cord. The number of elements included in the wing base and the surrounding area is the greatest in Cacopsyllamali, the most complicated species from Sternorrhyncha. Based on the shape of axillary sclerites and the number of elements forming the wing base environment, Orthezia urticae (Coccomorpha) and Cixius nervosus (Fulgoromorpha) are the most similar. Among Sternorrhyncha, the most similar axillaries are those of Aphis fabae and Orthezia urticae, which is congruent with existing classifications. In this paper we show that the four groups from Sternorrhyncha exhibit their own distinct wing base morphology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2015-12-22 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC4742497/ /pubmed/26893533 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00435-015-0293-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2015 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Franielczyk, Barbara
Wegierek, Piotr
Comparative morphology of the forewing base articulation in Sternorrhyncha compared with a representative of Fulgoromorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera)
title Comparative morphology of the forewing base articulation in Sternorrhyncha compared with a representative of Fulgoromorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera)
title_full Comparative morphology of the forewing base articulation in Sternorrhyncha compared with a representative of Fulgoromorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera)
title_fullStr Comparative morphology of the forewing base articulation in Sternorrhyncha compared with a representative of Fulgoromorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera)
title_full_unstemmed Comparative morphology of the forewing base articulation in Sternorrhyncha compared with a representative of Fulgoromorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera)
title_short Comparative morphology of the forewing base articulation in Sternorrhyncha compared with a representative of Fulgoromorpha (Insecta, Hemiptera)
title_sort comparative morphology of the forewing base articulation in sternorrhyncha compared with a representative of fulgoromorpha (insecta, hemiptera)
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4742497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26893533
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00435-015-0293-4
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